Wood cutters. The main types of milling cutters and their application Milling cutters are

This type of cutting tool is presented in a large assortment. It can be used to carry out various technological operations. The process itself consists in slowly feeding a rapidly rotating cutter into the work area. In terms of the accuracy of processing blanks, such a technique is only slightly worse than external broaching of metal.

A variety of cutters for metal allows you to sample material in the most difficult areas. The main thing is to determine the desired type of tool and the way it is fed (for example, screw, translational-rotary). Its cutting edges are made of special grades of steel, ceramics, hard alloys, diamonds and a number of other materials (carded wire and so on). Consider the main types of cutters for metal for a milling machine and their purpose.

Classification of cutters for metal

By the location of the cutting parts (teeth).
By their sharpening.
In the direction (inclined, screw, and so on).
According to the design of the tool (monolithic, prefabricated, composite).
For fastening cutting elements.
according to their material.

Therefore, it is somewhat difficult to list all the varieties of this tool, taking into account the specifics of its execution and application features.

Types of cutters

Each of them is used only at a certain technological stage of metal processing, depending on the task to be solved.

Cylindrical

There are 2 varieties of this tool - with straight and helical teeth. Milling cutters in the first version are used for simpler operations, as a rule, in limited (narrow) areas.

Products with cutting screw parts are more versatile.

But since axial forces are significant, their use is limited by the angle of inclination of the cutting edge (no more than 450). Therefore, in such situations, cylindrical double cutters are installed. The peculiarity of their execution is that the cutting parts in the process of work "overlap" the junction of the halves of the tool.

Disk

Groove cutting.
Sampling of metal on a narrow segment.
Cutting blanks.
Chamfering and for other purposes.

Features - cutting edges can be located either on one or both sides. Their dimensions determine the specifics of metal processing - whether it is rough (preliminary) or finishing (finishing). Such a tool is operated in rather difficult conditions - increased vibration, the difficulty of removing metal chips.

Varieties:

Slotted.
Cut-off.
Slotted.
For cutting on two or three sides.

end

They are mainly used for processing parts with stepped or flat surfaces. The tool is placed so that its longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the surface to be machined.

Features - increased density of teeth in the area of contact with the workpiece. This ensures uniformity and high speed. The presence of additional cutting edges (in the end part) allows you to achieve a "cleaner" surface when processing on a milling machine.

Worm

They have a specific application. Material processing is carried out by rolling.

Feature - the selection of metal occurs in the process of point contact of the cutter of the workpiece.

Varieties

Left or right (depending on the direction of the turns).
Single or multiple.
Prefabricated or whole.
With teeth ground or not ground.

Terminal

Varieties

Shank - conical or cylindrical.
For preliminary (large teeth) or finishing (fine) processing of material.
Monolithic or with brazed cutting inserts (crowns).

Peeling cutters are designed for processing alloys obtained by casting or forging.

Keyway - varieties of end, which are used to select T-profiles. Equipped with two teeth, one of which is located at the end, and the other - on the middle part of the tool. The interval between them determines the parameters of the metal sampling zone.

Cut-off

The purpose is clear from the name. Trimming of the workpiece can be complete or partial (sectoral). Cutting edges - only on the upper faces of the teeth (there are none on the ends).

Varieties

Grouped by tooth size:

Small.
Medium.
Large.

Features - the first two types of cutting tools are used to work with cast iron and steels, the last - with light alloys (based on magnesium, aluminum, etc.).

Hardware manicure decisively replaces the edged one. More recently, only masters in elite salons owned it. Now every woman can use a manicure machine at home.

This article will be useful for beginner manicure masters. You will learn about the classification of hardware cutters, their minimum set for manicure at home and the nuances of choice.

Machine for hardware manicure ( router) is a special handle connected by a cord to the processor. Nozzles, including cutters, are fixed on the handle. The processor is responsible for rotating the nozzles at the right pace and direction.

The machines differ in design, power and maximum speed of rotation of the nozzle.

For home use, devices with a speed range of no more than 10 thousand revolutions per minute are suitable, and masters in professional salons use equipment whose head rotates at a speed of up to 30-35 thousand revolutions per minute.

Types of nozzles

There are 5 main nozzles that are used for the hardware manicure procedure.

Complete classification of cutters

In order to correctly compile the desired list of cutters for a beginner, you need to carefully study their description and find out the purpose of each nozzle.

By material

Ceramic. The most safe nozzles, as they are very soft. Do not heat up, do not clog with dust, do not rust. The main disadvantage is instability to wear. Usually they are used when working with a recently purchased device in order to get used to it. Abrasiveness: from 100 to 400 microns. Fine-grained cutters grind the nail plate and carry out finishing work with the skin; medium-grained are ideal for processing the cuticle, and coarse-grained allow you to effectively remove keratinized skin.
Diamond. Tougher, and therefore more functional. They are used for polishing nails, both natural and extended, modeling the free edge of the nail, processing and polishing the lateral ridges, interdigital space and calluses. On sale you can find both natural diamond (more expensive) and artificial diamond chips (cheaper).

How to choose the right nozzles for manicure, the master will tell:

Carbide or corundum. They are used at the beginning of a hardware manicure to remove a layer of rough skin, drill hard calluses, remove a layer of acrylic, treat hard-to-reach places and work with an ingrown nail. Ideal for artificial nails. They heat up very little during operation, which means they do not cause discomfort. The recommended speed for working with nozzles is up to 15,000 rpm.
Steel. The teeth are formed by cutting or stamping. Often the tool is subjected to oxidation to improve its performance.

Check out a more detailed review of nail cutters from a professional:

By shape

The form	Operation types
Oliva (bud, oval)	Removes the cuticle, makes minor adjustments, processes the side ridges.
straight cylinder	Saws off the modeling layer (tips, gel, acrylic).
Needle	Removes gel polish, helps in the correction of gel nails, suitable for removing detachments near the cuticle and artificial material.
Ball	Gets rid of small growths and cracks, and also eliminates a strip of rough skin without harm to the record.
Cylinder rounded	Polishes nails. Removes calluses, polishes acrylic.
Flame	It processes side ridges, removes artificial material, drills a place for rhinestones or nail piercing.
Cone	Grinds and polishes.
cone truncated	Grinds and polishes.
Cylinder pointed	Opens sinuses, treats rollers.
cone reverse	For the treatment of the nail plate before the French manicure. With the help of the nozzle, it is possible to make the tip as even as possible and without height differences.

All cutters differ in the diameter of the working part, as well as the degree of abrasiveness.

The nuances of choosing cutters for a manicure device

The choice of diameter depends on the speed of your device. The larger the cutter, the lower the speed you need to work with it.
If a nozzle is offered with a guarantee of only a year, then most likely it will serve you for a year. But such cutters weigh little and are quite cheap.
If you see the letter "T" in front of the article, it means that the cutter is coated with titanium nitrite. This increases the cutting ability of the nozzle.
On the shaft of the cutter, you can see a strip of red, green (less often blue) or black. These stripes indicate the type of notch: fine/medium, large/medium and very large, respectively.

Knowing the ISO international standard system, or rather the marking of nozzles, will help you choose a quality cutter. The nozzle number is 15 characters, with which you can find out all the properties of the tool.

The information that is encrypted includes

type of material for the working part of the rotating nozzle;
a kind of connection of the tip with tails;
the total length of the cutter;
the shape of the working part of the cutter;
abrasive class;
type of cutting teeth;
diameter of the working part.

The video will help you choose the right cutters for home manicure:

A set of cutters for home hardware manicure

Thinking about what cutters a beginner will need to do a hardware manicure at home? Pay attention to ceramic products that are good at removing excess length on their (that is, natural) nails.

To care for gel nails, you will need a cone-shaped diamond burr. It forms an inner curve and arch, and removes unnecessary layers of gel from the underside of the free edge.

Instructions: how to insert a cutter into the machine

There are several types of cutter clamp. It depends on them how to insert and remove the nozzle correctly.

Automatic clamp. The nozzle is simply inserted. As soon as you turn on the machine, it is clamped.
Swivel clamp. The nozzle is unclenched or clamped by turning a special ring on the handle of the machine.
Screw terminal. The cheapest type of clamp, in addition, it is easier to repair than others. The principle of operation is as follows: the cap, which fixes the nozzle in the collet, rotates 1-2 turns.

Care of cutters

Cutters should be disinfected separately from hand tools. For this, a special container with a sieve insert is used.

All disinfection procedures must be carried out only with solutions intended for this purpose.

Not all cutters can be sterilized at home. Some nozzles: ceramic, silicone - cannot be reused at all.

To ensure 100% sterility of cutters, they must be stored in a UV sterilizer equipped with bactericidal lamps.

If you still have questions about working with cutters, their choice or existing varieties, a video that can be found on the Internet in large numbers will help you choose the right set of nozzles.

Professional advice on the selection of CNC milling cutters from experienced machine operators.

Introduction

For different operations, it is important to understand and have different cutters used on CNC milling machines. This article provides an overview of the different types of cutters.
So, let's look at the different types of cutters that are used in machine tools.

Note: If you are using a CNC router, you will be able to use most of the cutters described, with the exception of large, not adapted for high speeds, such as face mills.

End mills

End mills

The most commonly used cutters are end mills. They come in different sizes, shapes, have different finishes and are made from different materials. We will describe the main ones.

Carbide cutters or HSS cutters

First of all, you should pay attention to the material from which the end mills are made. Typically, this is a hard alloy or high speed steel, although sometimes more exotic materials are used, such as powdered metal.

For most shops, the question of whether to use carbide cutters or HSS cutters seems silly. Carbide cutters are always better, right?

It turns out that a lot depends on the material to be cut, as well as the maximum spindle speed of the machine and some other factors.

If you are working in soft materials such as aluminum and the spindle cannot reach the recommended speed for a carbide cutter, it may make sense to use HSS end mills.

For smaller machines with a spindle speed below 6000 RPM, I generally recommend using HSS for cutters over 1/2" diameter for cutting aluminum, and tungsten carbide for smaller diameter endmills. This saves on the cost of larger endmills. (which can be used with an indexable insert and tungsten carbide inserts) and use the strength of small cutters.

End Mill Dimensions

End mills are available in various metric and inch sizes. Even tiny micro cutters can be used for machining small surfaces. An unexpected fact about end mill sizes is that the diameter tolerance for most end mills is not exactly specified. If your job requires precision, it may be necessary to test-cut the cutter to determine its true diameter. You can also measure the diameter directly, but trial cutting is a more reliable method.

Micro cutter

How many grooves?

The number of grooves (starts) of the end mill directly depends on the material to be cut and on the capabilities of your machine. The most common options are 2, 3 or 4 passes. As a rule, more than 3 grooves are not used with aluminum. The reason is that aluminum chips are larger than those from other materials and are relatively tough. Flutes evacuate chips as the end mill plunges into the material. 2-flute and 3-flute cutters have plenty of room for chip removal. 4-start cutters are easily clogged, the chips get stuck, which almost always leads to jamming and breakage of the cutter.

For most other materials, 4 grooves is the norm. You can use as many grooves as you like; they act as a kind of "spindle amplifier". At a given spindle speed, 4-start cutters allow 2x the feed rate of 2-start cutters, resulting in a better surface finish. More cutting edges stabilize the cutter - more edges in constant contact with the material, less chatter during the break-off-cutting phases. 3 grooves were designed as a compromise between using 2 or 4 grooves on aluminium. The 3 flutes have enough space to evacuate chips from any aluminum alloys, except for particularly tough ones, and at the same time, they can be fed about 50% faster than a 2-start at the same spindle speed.

Other designs are much less common. End mills with more than 4 flutes are great for increasing productivity on tough materials like titanium when the spindle just can't turn too fast.

Single Flute End Mill

Center cutting or not?

Most 2 and 3 flute end mills are center cutting. Some cutters with 4 flutes are not center cutting. The center cutting end mill can cut directly into the material, vertically. Off-center end mills have a recess in the middle without a blade, so they can plunge a very short distance, after which the plunge into the material must be with a movement in a horizontal plane.

Center cutter - left, non center cutter - right

The only serious reason for buying a non-center cutting end mill is its low price. I prefer to use only center cutters, so cutting with a non center cutter seems much more difficult for me.

On the other hand, there is an opinion that end mills can never (almost never) plunge into the workpiece vertically. This is the heaviest load on the end mill, miter or helix cuts are much softer. With this in mind, it may sometimes be possible to prefer a non-center cutter.

Milling cutters with one and two ends, cutter overhang

Single end and double end end mills are available on the market:

End mill (with two ends like 2 cutters in one)

For a little more money than the cost of a single end mill, and much less than the price of two single end mills, you can buy a double end mill. When one end becomes blunt, you can simply flip it over in the tool holder and have a brand new cutter ready to go. As a rule, the end mill breaks on the underside, which cannot always be turned over. Therefore, such cutters can significantly reduce costs if you have them mostly blunt rather than breaking.

Departure and bending of the cutter

So we come to the important concept of "departure". Tool overhang - distance from the tool holder to the end of the cutter:

Cutter overhang

The longer the overhang, the less durable the tool. The stronger it protrudes, the more it bends under the forces of cutting. Here is an exaggerated image of this phenomenon:

While it may seem wise to buy the longest cutters possible because you can use them for a wide variety of applications, this is not the best solution. Shorter end mills are stronger. Save long end mills for when you simply have no other choice!

We will observe a similar situation with twist drills.

End Mill Coatings

The right coating can dramatically improve the performance of an end mill (or other cutting tool such as a twist drill).

There are many different types of coatings, some of which are simply beautiful, some of which are quite exotic and expensive. Choosing a coated cutter is a choice of price versus benefit. If your machining would benefit greatly from the extra performance of a premium coating, buy an end mill with this coating.

Face milling cutters, large helix cutters and other shapes

Just as the coatings of cheap and expensive cutters can vary greatly in quality, the shape of cutters also greatly affects productivity.

Manufacturers praise a variety of forms, but you should choose empirically. Some things are less controversial, some are barely noticeable. To get started, buy decent quality end mills rather than chasing fancy shapes. When even a small improvement in quality promises real money, try premium cutters, see how they suit you.

Two forms of cutters that will come in handy right from the start are rounded face cutters and cutters with a large helix pitch. The first type of cutter has a small radius at the corners of the edges, so they give a better surface and are less prone to scuffing. These are two very significant benefits.

High pitch (i.e. low helix) helix cutters can significantly improve chip evacuation in materials like aluminum:

Roughing Endmills (Chip Breaker Roughing Cutters)

Peeling cutters have a slight serration on the cutting edges. This serration is called a "chipbreaker" and serves several useful purposes. Firstly, it, as the name suggests, breaks the chips into small chips and makes it easier to remove them (the chips are easily washed out by the coolant and do not get stuck in the grooves, especially useful for aluminum). Secondly, such teeth are less prone to chatter. All these serrations produce many vibrations that are superimposed on each other and do not add up to one common ringing. Chipbreaker cutters are not very expensive and can improve productivity quite a bit. feed and penetration for such cutters is higher than for fine cutters

Spherical end mills

When we talk about end mills, remember that they are often used in "2.5D milling". This is a kind of processing in which Z, or the height of the surface of the product, changes in ledges, not smoothly, i.e. consists of protrusions, recesses and pockets, the surface of which, as a rule, are smooth horizontal planes. This feature is seen in a huge number of parts, but in those where it is not, you will apply a true "3D" processing, and for this you need a ball end mill.

Injection molds often require 3D machining

Spheres create undulating irregularities, the size of which depends on the diameter of the sphere, the depth of cut and the step between successive passes:

Wavy bumps from a sphere

End mills with indexable inserts and face mills

End mill with indexable inserts works in your pocket

Large end mills can remove a lot of material, but they are also very expensive. The machining industry quickly realized this and offered indexable cutters as an alternative. AT tools with indexable inserts cutting edges - removable tungsten carbide inserts. There is such a tool on the market, but in this review we will limit ourselves to end and face mills.

For efficient roughing, it is convenient to have an end mill with a diameter of 15-25 mm. Solid cutters of this size are already quite expensive, but at the same time, this is a fairly small size for a type-setting cutter. Roughing can be done with an end mill and finishing with a solid end mill. Depending on the operation, it may also make sense to use very large indexable end mills. In general, this is a compromise between the capabilities (rigidity) of your machine, the strength of the workpiece material and the total cost of owning a fleet of typesetting tools and inserts.

Along with stacking end mills, end mills are also used. They are so called because milling can be done with the whole end face. They differ from the end ones in that they process a large flat surface, as a rule, the upper part of the part.

Standard end mill with 90 degree inserts

Twist drills

The ubiquitous twist drill was probably the first cutting tool that each of us once began to use, well, for example, in a hand drill. While only machinists have end mills, twist drills are available in the home of almost every hobbyist.

But everything is not as simple as it seems at first glance. Statistics show that holes make up the vast majority of all operations performed on CNC machines. In addition, the material removal rate of twist drills is very high and usually exceeds that of end mills. Sometimes it can make sense to drill a lot of holes and then machine the mesh between the holes with an end mill.

Like end mills, twist drills come in a variety of sizes, finishes, materials and lengths.

Twist drill dimensions

Twist drills come in a greater variety of diameters and sizes than end mills. However, this is not surprising, given the prevalence of hole making operations and the difficulty of using a single drill for holes of different diameters, while end mills are much more flexible in this regard.

In addition to metric and inch sizes, there are also special sizes, such as numeric and alphabetic sizes.

HSS, cobalt and tungsten carbide + Coated or uncoated

When you need the strength and toughness of tungsten carbide for fast machining of tough materials, there is no alternative. Otherwise, just buy a complete set of HSS or cobalt drills.

Coating or lack thereof is a matter of taste. Coatings can be useful, although not as much as in end mills, perhaps because most twist drills are not made from tungsten carbide.

Threading machine and short series length

The length of the twist drill can be different. Most non-professionals use short series twist drills. Here's how they differ:

The drill length for the threading machine has the same diameter, but is much shorter than the drill of the short series. Also it is more durable.

Because they are shorter, they are also much stronger. The hole produced by such a drill will be more accurate, and the chance that you will break the drill is less. Most machinists prefer to use twist drills for screw tapping because of these advantages.

Large diameter drills

Standard twist drill sets are only up to 14mm in diameter. To drill large holes, you can use cutters with a tapered or reduced shank (in the West, similar drills are called Silver-Deming drills).

These drills have a 14 mm shank and larger flutes. The shank is small and therefore suitable for standard drill chucks.

What I would also like to say. First, the standard jaw drill chuck is not very accurate, and for CNC machining, we will often use a collet chuck instead. Secondly, large twist drills require a powerful spindle, so make sure your machine can pull a large drill.

Parabolic grooves for deep holes

Drilling really deep holes is a difficult task. Once the hole is deep enough, it becomes very difficult to remove the chips while continuing to drill. If chips build up and block the flutes, the twist drill will break in the hole, which is always a difficult nuisance to fix. An innovation that greatly helps when drilling deep holes is called "parabolic flutes." These types of drills are more expensive than conventional twist drills, but they can produce significantly deeper holes and are well worth purchasing if your operations require such deep holes. The depth depends on the diameter of the twist drill.

On the cutting edge

You will be using twist drills a lot and there is nothing more annoying than a dull tool. If you manage to sharpen the drill, it can serve you for a long time. Drill grinders are available in different price ranges. In addition, drills can be sharpened by hand on a grindstone.

Spot and center drills

These are drills of a special type, but their scope is quite wide. Theoretically, it makes no sense to use a center drill on a milling machine. Center drills are designed to create holes at the end of the workpiece, for a quill on a lathe. Their secondary "pilot" tip makes them thinner than spot drills. However, most operators will gladly take them if they are convenient and use them as spot drills.

Spot drill on the right, center drill on the left

Drills of this type do not have too long flutes. They are only used to mark small indentations before starting the twist drill. It is not always necessary to mark the hole.

Drill with mechanical clamping of polyhedral inserts

Considering how often our machines need to make holes, and the benefits of indexable insert tools for milling end mills and face mills, it's no surprise that multi-point insert drills exist. As a rule, they are best used for large holes. At this stage, it is not necessary to know more about them. Just remember about them and that they can make your work easier.

A milling cutter is a tool for processing metal parts on machine tools. The process is called milling, in terms of efficiency and productivity it surpasses other methods of processing metal products.

Principle of operation and design

The tool moves around its own axis at high speed and forward at low speed, processing a metal workpiece. Surface shapes are different: grooves, cylinders, grooves or smooth planes, depending on the nature of the rectilinear motion.

The rotating surface of the workpiece is processed by a rotational, feed motion. Rotary motion is used to create helical recesses.

The cutter consists of a body to which working protrusions are attached - teeth. The whole body is divided into a working part, a shank and a transitional neck. The final shape of the workpiece depends on the position of the tool and the original shape.

Types of cutters

There are many types designed to perform various jobs:

end;
cylindrical;
corner;
disk;
terminal;
shaped;
keyed;
for making T-shaped recesses;
mounted (composite and solid).

Composite shells are used to create complex shapes. With the help of integral ones, they perform particularly precise operations, they are perfectly balanced.

Cylindrical cutters

Installed per type. Working teeth can be helical or straight. Screw teeth are convenient for working in narrow areas, when the properties of the screw teeth do not significantly affect the cutting process. To reduce axial forces, twin cylindrical cutters with different inclinations of the cutting surfaces are used. This shape evens out the axial forces that affect the tool while working on metal. Tools are made of high-speed metals with hard-alloy inclusions on working surfaces.

End mills

Used on vertical milling machines. The axis of the tool is perpendicular to the axis of the working surface of the workpiece. The tops of the working surfaces of the teeth work here mainly. The end parts help, they cut mainly the side work surfaces that are outside.

Due to the fact that only the tops of the edges are profiling, the shapes of the edges are diverse. The most convenient tools with working edges in the form of a circle or a broken line. With the help of a face tool, work is performed smoothly with a minimum allowance. In this case, the allowance value does not affect the contact angle with the part, only the tool diameter and milling width are important. Compared to other types, the face can have large dimensions and rigidity, so the cutting teeth are securely fastened and supplemented with hard alloy plates. This tool has greater productivity than a cylindrical one.

Angle cutters

Used for milling inclined metal planes and corner grooves on machine tools. They are divided into one-corner and two-corner. For the former, active teeth cover the entire working part of the body, for the latter, only a cone.

In metalworking, they are used to make chip grooves. Double-angle cutters run relatively smoothly. To prevent the top of the tool from grinding too quickly, it is made rounded.

end mill

Produces deep grooves and grooves on metal parts. The shank for fastening in the machine at the end mill differs in its shape - a cone or a cylinder. The end edges have an auxiliary function, the main load lies on the teeth located in the cylindrical part. They are made inclined or screw. In the second case, it is necessary to withstand a slope of no more than 45 degrees.

Key cutters

They are mainly used for making holes in metal. Only end edges work. When sharpening, the rear working edges are affected, so the diameter of the tool does not decrease over time.

For making T-grooves

T-shaped notches on metal parts are not uncommon; a special type of milling cutter has been developed for their execution. In the process, the chips are poorly removed, so they quickly break. For one revolution of the tool, the tooth works twice. The teeth are multidirectional, sharpened alternately - first on one side, then on the other.

Disc cutters

It can be double-sided, grooved or three-sided, cuts recesses and recesses of various shapes. Grooving disc tools have teeth on the cylinder and can be used to make shallow grooves. To reduce friction at the ends, the tool is sharpened at an angle that reduces the thickness towards the center. The thickness of the tool provides for a tolerance of up to 0.05 millimeters, which gradually decreases during the grinding process.

Double-sided and three-sided cutters are equipped with working teeth, including at the ends. The working teeth at the ends are of secondary importance, the main load on the metal is carried by the teeth on the cylinder.

The teeth of disc tools can be angled or straight. The first increase the performance of the tool. To do this, multidirectional teeth are made on three-sided cutters. The work is done with the teeth from the cylinder, and part of the end teeth is removed, which does not affect performance.

Shape cutters

Necessary when making shaped parts. Very convenient when there is a large difference between the width and length of the workpiece. With a short surface, the pull method is used. On such tools, the teeth can be backed or sharpened. The latter provide cleaner processing, wear out less than backed ones when the machine is working on metal. But their production and sharpening is possible only on special devices that clearly maintain the configuration of the working planes. Therefore, this type of cutter is used only in large enterprises.

Prefabricated cutters

They are a body into which racks or teeth of the required size made of hard alloys are inserted. The shape of the working edges of such tools is simple, the processing of complex parts is ensured by special body profiles into which the teeth are inserted.

An electric drill can be used for more than just drilling holes in various kinds of materials. Few people know that with this tool you can do milling work not only on wood, but also on metal. To carry out such work, you will need a special cutter for metal. What options for metal cutters for a drill exist, and how effective the use of this tool is, we will find out further.

The set of cutters for metal for a drill includes the following nozzles:

end;
disk;
end;
cylindrical;
shaped;
angular.

end nozzle

Often, for an electric drill, the most popular types are end cutters. It is through this type of nozzles that the flat surface of the workpiece is processed, whereby a layer of metal of the required thickness is removed.
Disc nozzles are equipped with cutting teeth, located both on the side and on the end. This version of the cutter is used when it is required to form grooves or grooves on the surface of the material being processed.
Cylindrical models are used in cases where processing of flat sections of metal base products is required. Cylindrical, in turn, are subdivided according to the shape of the edges into straight and helical.
End, necessary in order to carry out the processing of deep grooves. Such products have cutting edges, both on the side and on the end.
Shaped nozzles are used for processing uneven surfaces.
Angle cutters have a complex design, therefore they are used to work with inclined planes and angular grooves.

cone shaped

Shaped and angular models of drill bits are used in extremely rare cases. The above types of cutters differ according to the types of tasks to be solved. Tools are made of abrasive materials, which allows them to be used to work with metals of different alloys. The design features of the cutters are in the presence of a tail and a working area. The tail part is fixed in the tool chuck.

Characteristics of cutters

The metal cutters used for the drill have characteristic distinguishing features. Some of them, such as cylindrical ones, resemble a drill. Teeth or cutting edges can be located on the side and end. The teeth are also occluded and pointed. The latter option has a significant drawback, since both edge surfaces are flat. Cutter cutters are popular.

The occluded tooth shapes are not afraid of frequent sharpening, unlike pointed ones. They can be used for long-term milling work on metal. Pointed types can be used for a tool no more than 1-2 times, since their shape changes with each subsequent processing. The occluded species are the most reliable and durable, and therefore are widely used.

It's important to know! It is not recommended to use a drill as a permanent tool when carrying out frequent milling work with metal, as this tool will not last long.

spherical shape

The main parameters when choosing cutters for a drill for metal are:

Shank diameter.
Quality of sharpening of a product.
Manufacturing material.
The shape and type of cutting edges, depending on the workpiece.

It is best to purchase such nozzles in a set, as it will be much cheaper. The disadvantage of the products in the set is the average quality, so if you need a high quality nozzle, it is better to purchase separately and only of a certain brand.

It is important to pay attention to the integrity of the nozzle, as they are also prefabricated. Prefabricated options are less reliable, but also cheap, so it is recommended to purchase one-piece options.

How to work with a drill with a nozzle

The practice of using a tool as a primitive milling machine originated a long time ago since the invention of this tool. For more reliable and efficient processing of metal materials, it is recommended to make a milling machine from a drill with your own hands. You can even resort to making cutters with your own hands, which can only be used for processing plastic and other materials. As a basis for a homemade cutter, you can take a wheel from a lighter.

It's important to know! It is not recommended to work with a tool in hands with a nozzle, since the slightest wrong movement leads to damage to the cutter or tearing the tool out of your hands.

The best solution in order to avoid damage to the nozzle and get a satisfactory result is to make a machine from a drill with your own hands. When using a drill as a milling cutter, the following disadvantages should be considered:

The drill has a low speed compared to a stationary milling machine. This will affect the quality of the cut, which will be performed in the metal workpiece.
The tool shaft bearings are not designed for such a load vector, so the drill will not last long if used frequently.
The electric motor is not designed for continuous operation, so it is important to give it a rest.
If the tool uses a plastic gearbox, then a different load vector will lead to accelerated wear.
A collet chuck, even a key type, is not able to withstand lateral loads, so the nozzle may fall out of the tool during operation. What this could lead to is easy to imagine.
Work safety. If a home-made machine is a wooden structure, then it is not recommended to process metal on it with a milling cutter. This can cause the drill to pull out during operation, especially when working with disc attachments.

It is possible to work with a tool as a milling cutter, but it is only important to think about the rationality of such actions, as well as about your safety. In conclusion, it should be noted that the safety of milling work on a home-made machine does not depend on the quality of the nozzles purchased. In this situation, all the consequences will be on your conscience.