Drywall - how to fix? Step-by-step instructions, fasten and glue. Ways of attaching drywall to the wall: on concrete, brick and wood Sheathe the walls with drywall without a frame

Among the variety of modern building materials, there are undoubted bestsellers that are used everywhere, are versatile and are very popular with builders. Drywall is a well-deserved leader in wall decoration, it is affordable and easy to use. Having studied in detail the properties and technical characteristics of this wonderful material, as well as observing the technology, you can make repairs using drywall with your own hands without involving expensive specialists and reduce costs by choosing the best option for the price, because there are several ways to properly fix drywall to the wall.

Pros and cons of using drywall for repairs

A gypsum panel, glued on both sides with thick cardboard, has amazing strength for soft crumbling gypsum, it can be cut, sawn, planed. Drywall is indispensable for leveling walls and ceilings, erecting partitions, arches, architectural structures of complex shape.

Walls with shaped niches and multi-level ceilings, columns and openings are easily constructed using GC

Repair using GKL has several advantages:

perfectly smooth walls, the smooth surface of which is ready for painting or other finishing, including any kind of wallpaper and tiles;
low weight does not create a load on the wall and frame, has sufficient strength;
does not support combustion, there are refractory GKLO models;
convenient standard sheet sizes, different thickness depending on construction tasks and affordable price;
ease of processing, cutting and installation, perfectly holds fasteners;
ample opportunities for the realization of creative ideas and the most daring design ideas;
environmental safety allows you to sheathe walls even in children's rooms;
under the panels you can hide communications and insulation;

The disadvantages of using the material include:

eats up some room space, not suitable for small areas;
afraid of getting wet, for use in conditions of high humidity, waterproof types are produced with the GKLV marking;
breaks, crumbles when bent, so it requires caution in work.

There are two ways to install drywall on a wall - with and without a frame. The second method is considered more difficult. Let's consider both options in detail.

How to properly fix drywall to a wall with a profile

Beautiful complex partitions and smooth surfaces are created on the basis of a special frame made of aluminum or galvanized steel profile. It slightly reduces the space of the room, but hides all the defects and irregularities of the walls, allows you to additionally insulate the room and has high vapor permeability and sound absorption.

Such elements can only be made on the basis of the frame

Necessary materials and tools

To work, you should study the step-by-step instructions, draw a sketch of the room indicating the dimensions and mark the location of the frame and panels, calculate the material consumption and prepare the following tools and materials:

tape measure, level, ruler, pencil;
perforator, drill with mixer attachment, screwdriver;
dowels, self-tapping screws, screws;
wooden blocks measuring 30x50cm or a galvanized profile to create a frame, suspensions, crabs;
ordinary and rubber hammer, sickle;
construction knife for cutting drywall;
special glue based on cement or gypsum, a clean container for diluting it, a spatula;
roller, brush and trowel, stepladder;
putty for grouting seams and fastener caps;
drywall sheets: for living rooms - GKL, for bathroom and kitchen - GKLV. To calculate the consumption of panels, you need to subtract the area of window and door openings from the total area of the walls and add 10-15% for possible waste. The length of the panel should be chosen based on the height of the ceiling, 2.5 m or 3 m, so that the surface is covered with a single sheet.

Preparatory work

GKL sheets can be attached to various types of bases, each has its own technological features. Before installation work, it is necessary to prepare the surface. Here are the main stages of work:

Remove the old finish, remove dirt, dust and inspect the walls.
For the frame method, leveling the rough base is not required; it must be treated with antiseptic impregnation.
Using a tape measure, measure the dimensions of the wall and make markings with an exact indication of the location of the profiles and hangers. The minimum thickness of the frame is 4.5 cm, a layer of insulation or irregularities on the walls add thickness and mark the corresponding points on the ceiling and on the floor.
On the wall with a window, the markup should start with it
Using a plumb line, draw vertical lines in increments of 60 cm - the places where the racks are attached. suspensions, and the distance from the upper and lower rails to the suspensions should be at least 25 cm.
To create a wooden crate, fill the slats with self-tapping screws or nails vertically in 60 cm increments, placing veneer or plywood linings under them. Such a frame should be impregnated with an antiseptic.
Cut the aluminum profile into equal pieces. The guide UD profile is attached to the ceiling and to the floor, as well as to the walls with dowels in increments of 30–40 cm, and the verticality is checked with a plumb line. In order for the plane of the frame to be at the same level, suspensions are used, it is enough to fix each plank at two points.
All electrical work is carried out before the installation of the frame
Strictly according to the markup, fix the carrier profile, connecting the vertical and horizontal strips with special crabs. If necessary, it is possible to strengthen the structure with the help of horizontal jumpers from the CD profile.
The walls are finished one by one - after installing the sheets of the Civil Code on one wall, they move to another

Fixing sheets GKL

Now you can proceed to the sheathing of the frame with plasterboard panels. It is done like this:

The first solid panel is fixed close to the wall with two screws and its position is adjusted. Then, every 30 cm, screws are screwed in. So that the hats do not stick out and the panels do not crack, it is necessary to step back 1.5 cm from the edge and drown the screw by 1.5 mm. A gap of 12 mm from the floor after installation must be puttied.
The edge of the sheet must lie exactly in the middle of the rack profile.
A number of solid sheets are fastened end-to-end from the floor to the ceiling, cut pieces are used above the door and window openings, and the remaining sections are sewn up with them.
The main thing is to understand the principle of work
Putty all seams, self-tapping screws, chips. A reinforcing mesh or tape is glued to the seams. Then the surface of the sheets is primed. For better adhesion when applying a finish.
Priming is necessary for better adhesion when applying the finish.

To properly cut a sheet of the Civil Code, you need to draw a construction knife along the marking line, then break the panel, opening the ends, and cut off a layer of cardboard from the back side.

How to fix GKL without a profile

The second installation method is suitable for various materials of the rough base and for small or dark rooms, if the walls are relatively even and regular in shape, then landing the GKL on glue will be a good solution. A glued wall will last at least 15 years. There are limitations for the frameless method:

it is not recommended to mount the GKL on constantly damp surfaces, where moisture penetrates from a foundation with poor-quality waterproofing or seeps from a leaky roof;
if the thickness of the walls of the building is calculated incorrectly, then condensation forms on the inside, drywall in this case is attached only to the frame;
if the differences on uneven walls are more than 40 mm.

Mounting features

The frameless method of fixing is simpler and faster, but it requires more careful preparation of the rough base. The consumption of sheets will be equal in both cases, and the consumption of the adhesive composition depends on the unevenness of the walls. With differences over 40 mm, the frame method is used. Let us consider in detail the intricacies of attaching GKL to the most popular base materials.

To a wooden surface

Wooden surfaces are usually even, drops and protrusions can be corrected with a planer, and hollows can be filled with thin boards. The problem of rotting and burning wood is easily solved by treating it with an antiseptic and flame retardant.

Experienced builders recommend fixing drywall to wooden walls without using glue with self-tapping screws or screws. They are screwed in with a screwdriver without recessing in a checkerboard pattern at a distance of 25–30 cm from each other. The caps are manually carefully sunk into the surface by 1.5 mm and puttied.

Sheets are easier to attach to a wooden surface than to others.

To the concrete wall

Concrete is porous and highly absorbent. To reduce glue consumption, primer treatment is necessary, which will increase adhesion and fill pores and microcracks.

As an adhesive composition, a starting putty mixed with PVA glue or gypsum in a ratio of 1:10 or a special dry glue for working with plasterboard is used. You will also need dowels 80–120 mm long. To dilute the glue, first pour water into the container, dilute the PVA glue in it, and then pour in the dry powder and stir with a mixer.

If the wall is relatively flat:

To the brick wall

Brickwork has unevenness and brittleness, which add complexity to the work. In this case, it is advisable to fix drywall on hardware 6x80 mm, 8x10 mm or driven dowels with a length of at least 80 mm and glue.

For novice specialists, a method of setting beacons from pieces of the same drywall is suitable, which will act as a frame and help to accurately align the plane of the sheet.

Liquid nails and polyurethane foam are also used as an adhesive composition. Beacons can be cakes of thick glue, they are applied in 40 cm increments. When pressing the sheet and knocking it out with a rubber mallet, they themselves will take the required size and be distributed in the cavity.

In some cases, mounting foam is used instead of glue.

To the wall of the foam block

To finely level the foam concrete, it is enough to remove small irregularities using a perforator with a chisel nozzle. Gypsum is processed in the same way.

The fastening technology is similar to fixing on a wooden wall. Antiseptic impregnation will protect the base from biological damage, and the sheets should be kept indoors for at least a day to stabilize the temperature and humidity conditions. According to the GKL markup, attach it to the wall, first fix it at diagonal corners, set it strictly vertically, and then screw in hardware 3.9x45 mm in a checkerboard pattern in increments of 30 cm.

The cost of a frameless mounting method is 60% less than using a profile, and a flat wall will save time and effort

First, you should carefully inspect the wall and identify defects that will prevent a snug fit and secure fixation of the sheets, and then take the following steps:

Knock down layers of plaster and old finishes, otherwise, under the weight of drywall, the plaster may fall off during operation and you will have to redo the entire repair. Then clean the surface of dust and dirt with a brush and a damp cloth.
The wall should be thoroughly cleaned. Instead of putty, a cement-sand mortar can also be used.
Mark the wall according to the drawing or sketch. From the floor and ceiling, it is necessary to leave a damper gap of 5–10 mm. This will provide air access for ventilation and solidification of the glue, as well as protect the GKL sheets from warping during temperature and humidity fluctuations, mark the attachment points with self-tapping screws.
The red dotted lines show how sheets cannot be divided.

How to fix drywall

Now you can proceed with the installation of the GKL:

The frameless method saves money and time, while the frame method allows you to create fancy architectural forms. In both cases, you will get perfectly even and smooth walls, ready for finishing, which last for many years and do not require special care.

Anton Tsugunov

Reading time: 5 minutes

Alignment and wall cladding with drywall is very often carried out during repair work in an apartment. As a rule, this operation involves fixing the GKL to a metal or wooden frame. But there are cases when it is easier and more profitable to fasten drywall to a wall without a metal profile and a wooden crate.

When can you do without building a frame?

It is recommended to fasten drywall sheets directly to the wall if it is relatively flat and the plane differences are no more than 5 centimeters. You can level such a surface with an adhesive composition. Installing drywall without crates has many advantages:

GKL is easily attached to walls and partitions made of any material. All that is required is proper surface preparation. Meanwhile, it is rather problematic to fasten the profile to a wall made of foam block or aerated concrete.
This cladding method significantly saves free space in the room: a frame made of a metal profile or a wooden beam “eats” at least 5 cm when finishing each wall. If drywall is attached to all 4 walls, then a small room will noticeably decrease in size.
Savings: no need to buy profiles, as well as various connecting elements. Adhesives are much cheaper.

Installation of drywall without erecting a frame is quick and does not require special professional skills.

Note! If the wall is very curved, you can not do without a frame. It will be expedient both from a technical point of view and from an economic point of view. Also, the crate is needed if it is planned to conduct insulation or soundproofing of the room, hide communications, place lighting elements under the drywall sheets.

If the crate is still required, but for some reason it is not possible to use a profile, in some cases it is allowed to be made from wooden beams. All the pros and cons of a wood frame, as well as the procedure for its installation, are written in.

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Having prepared the wall, you can proceed to marking its surface.

Markup, important points

This operation is carried out with a standard set of tools. You will need a level, a plumb line, a tape measure, a rule and a square. The laser level is very convenient, but it is not always possible to borrow it from acquaintances or friends, and buying it for one-time work is too expensive.

The following points must be taken into account:

There are gaps between the ceiling, floor and drywall sheets. They are made in case of shrinkage of the house and prevent the gypsum board from warping. The gap between the sheet and the ceiling is 3-5 mm, the distance to the floor is 8-10. At the top, it is enough to draw a line marking the border of drywall, and from below it is more convenient to use gaskets of the desired thickness from chipboard or plywood. After fixing the drywall, they are removed, and the gaps are filled with mounting foam.
One sheet may not be enough vertically for wall cladding. In this case, an additional line is drawn indicating the boundary of the entire GCR. As a rule, cut off fragments are placed on top, although the masters advise to fix whole sheets and halves in a checkerboard pattern.
For the correct installation of the first plate, a vertical line is drawn with a plumb line in the corner of the room. All other drywall fragments will be displayed in a single plane with the first sheet, which is why its correct installation is so important.

How to fix drywall to the wall?

There are several methods for fixing GKL. The choice of a particular one depends on the condition and nature of the underlying surface.

For a flat and smooth wall, you can choose any adhesive composition: a mixture based on gypsum or cement, foam or polymer mastic.
For brick, unplastered walls, foam or mastic will require too much, and they may not provide reliable fastening. It is better to choose a composition based on gypsum or cement, which will fill all the cavities in the masonry.
GKL is mounted on wooden walls using wood screws. It's as simple as hanging a shelf or a picture.
The situation is more complicated if the wall surface needs to be adjusted in some plane. Here you will need beacons that set the correct position for the drywall sheet. They can be made from scraps of drywall or other improvised materials. The plate is fixed on the wall with screws, with their help the necessary adjustment of the position is also carried out. Subsequently, the cavity between the wall and drywall is filled with mounting foam.

GKL fastening on glue

After completing all the preparatory work, marking and laying the necessary communications, the adhesive composition is diluted according to the instructions. This is in the event that ready-made glue is not used, usually supplied in tubes for a glue gun.

For reliable fixation with the composition, it is not at all necessary to cover the entire back surface of the drywall: this will only lead to unnecessary costs. The glue is applied in separate cakes, placing them in a checkerboard pattern, and always with a strip along the entire perimeter of the sheet. The second option is a grid of strips placed at a distance of 10-15 cm from each other.

GKL tightly pressed against the surface of the wall. To evenly distribute the glue, you can use a wide rule or a board: gently draw several times over the area to be glued.

The setting time of the solution is about 30 minutes. During this period, you need to check the position of the fixed fragment and make the necessary adjustments. In the future, this will no longer be possible.

The adhesive composition can be applied directly to the wall surface. Some masters claim that it is much more convenient.

The adhesive mounting method is described in more detail.

Foam mounting

It is carried out in the same way as for the adhesive composition.

An important point: the foam expands when it hardens, so the sheet is fixed in position for at least an hour. This can be done in two ways:

with the help of various props;
fixing the GKL with dowel-nails and placing strips of penofol under its surface as shock absorbers.

Mounting on mounting foam with void filling

Drywall can be attached to a curved wall using corrective substrates. But the presence of a void between it and the base surface is undesirable. For reliable fastening, it is better to fill this cavity with mounting foam. The algorithm of actions in this case will be as follows:

Using the markup, we set the drywall sheet in the desired position.
We make 10–12 holes in it, evenly spaced over the entire area. In this case, the drill outlines the recesses for the dowels in the wall.
We remove the GKL, expand and deepen the holes in the ceiling to the desired size, after which we hammer plastic dowels there.
On the back side of the sheet, as shock absorbers, we glue strips of foam rubber or penofol of the desired thickness.
We carefully fasten the gypsum board to the wall with screws with a wide hat. Another option is to use washers with regular screws. By releasing or twisting them, we expose the fragment to the required plane, controlling its position with the help of a level and using the created markup.
In drywall, we make the required number of holes intended for pumping foam. We place them between the screws, the diameter of the holes is 7-8 mm.
In order not to overdo it with foam, it is better to pump it with a special gun, adjusting it so that when pressed, an amount is squeezed out that is enough for a circle of 120–150 mm in diameter.

Taking wall measurements. This is necessary in order to plan the future placement of drywall sheets. It is also necessary avoid cross joints, since the sheets will be offset.

Wall surface preparation. At this stage, the surface should be cleaned of old wallpaper, traces of paint, whitewash. Necessary identify protruding places on the wall, then mark them with chalk. Next, a soil mixture is applied to the wall in several layers and dries completely.

Before attaching the frame to the wall, it is necessary to cut strips of 100 mm wide from drywall, after which one of the sides is covered with a primer. Next, glue is applied to the strips, then they are glued along the wall, one close to the ceiling, the second to the floor. Be sure to take into account the fact that glue needs to be worked as fast as possible You don't need to mix too much at once.

Preparing the bulk of the adhesive. For this, gypsum mixtures of slow setting or building gypsum are often used. In the second case, it is necessary to prolong the hardening by adding PVA glue to the adhesive. Therefore, if you want to attach drywall to a wall without a frame, while acting carefully, you must provide for these details.

Fixing sheets to the wall. The thickness of the adhesive layer will depend on the degree of curvature of the surface. If it is relatively flat, then it will be possible to glue directly on it. The adhesive is applied notched trowel, to perform the technology, he or a trowel can be used.

Fastening drywall to a wall without a frame involves aligning the large curvature of the walls; for this, special "lighthouses" which are made from drywall strips. Usually they are glued vertically around the perimeter, the interval is 40-50 cm. From the very beginning, the left and right beacons are set, and then, using the fishing line that is stretched between them, vertical stripes are attached. As for the upper and lower horizontal beacons, they are aligned using a certain rule, which is pressed against drywall sheets.

Installing drywall on walls without a frame is done in a few simple steps, and they need to be done gradually.

After applying the adhesive, take linings of 10-20 mm from the floor and install a sheet of drywall on them. Thanks to this technique, compensation for the elongation of the sheet will be ensured at a time when humidity and temperature change in the room. Sheet needed align using a special rubber mallet, lightly tapping it.

After gluing the drywall to the wall and curing the adhesive, it is necessary to fix it with dowel-nails. In this way, durability as well as fastening reliability can be improved. To do this, it is necessary to drill a hole in drywall, then insert a dowel into which a nail is hammered. The nail must be struck until the head is completely sunk into the drywall. In this case, the main thing is not to overdo it and not damage the drywall.

Thus, plasterboard wall cladding without a frame is carried out as quickly as possible if the sequence of actions is followed.

Wireframe method

In this case, there are two main ways of fixing drywall - this is the use of a frame made of wooden bars and metal.

The use of a frame made of wooden bars

When using the method, there are two main steps: frame assembly, then installation of drywall bars. The assembly process begins with the sequential fixation of the guides. Unlike a procedure such as leveling walls with drywall without a frame, it will require put in more effort. It is also necessary to choose the appropriate fastening - it can be a dowel-nail, self-tapping screws with a large pitch, depending on the base material.

To correctly set the guides and the entire frame, veneer strips and a level are used. After installing the guides, you need to set, and then fix the main bars. Drywall on wooden walls is also attached using special technologies.

Unlike the previous installation method, this one has its own characteristics. One side, it allows you to create new designs- these are arches, niches, partitions, on the other hand - requires a lot of money and effort. In addition, when environmental conditions change, wood is subject to deformation, so the quality of the entire structure can deteriorate significantly.

To date, drywall is rightfully recognized as one of the most popular and sought-after materials. This is due to its affordability and undeniable ease of use. He is often used to level the floors in the house. Today we will talk about how you can attach drywall to walls, and also get acquainted with all the pros and cons of this common finishing material.

What it is?

Before embarking on the study of such a finishing material as drywall, it is worth understanding what it is.

Drywall is a finishing material that consists of two layers of cardboard with hard gypsum and special fillers inside. It is used for a wide variety of purposes. Sheets with different thicknesses are produced for different jobs. Plasterboard panels can be laid not only on walls, but also on the floor or ceiling. The main thing is to choose materials of a suitable category.

Peculiarities

Today in the stores of building and finishing materials you can find absolutely any product for any repair work. To level the walls, customers are offered high-quality putties, plasters and other practical compounds. However, many people choose “dry” material for such work - drywall.

To date, the problem of uneven walls is familiar to many. It is faced by both owners of private houses and city apartments. However, it is quite possible to make the floors even on your own, without involving a team of finishers.

Uneven floors are bad not only because they look unpresentable, but also because many finishing materials cannot be applied to them. These include tiles, most types of paints and wallpapers. On a base with drops and potholes, such coatings do not hold securely, and they look very sloppy. Many of the finishing materials even emphasize the bumps on the walls.

In such cases, you can not do without a perfectly even and smooth drywall. After its installation, the walls acquire a more aesthetic and neat appearance. In addition, the sheets of this popular material are as simple as possible to process and can be covered with almost any canvas and paint.

Plasterboard sheets are attached to the wall using a special wooden or metal frame. There is also a frameless installation method, which experts consider more difficult.

When choosing one or another installation method, it is worth considering that you need to work with drywall carefully. This is due to its peculiarity, which consists in fragility and the possibility of crumbling. If you accidentally damage the drywall, then it is unlikely that it will be possible to restore its original appearance. That is why ordinary drywall is not suitable for the manufacture of, for example, arched structures, since it will simply break with slight bending.

Another distinctive quality of drywall is its multitasking. It is used not only to level different bases, but also to make interesting multi-level ceilings, shelving with shelves, niches and cabinets. This once again confirms the unpretentiousness of this material and the ease of working with it.

Pros and cons

Like any other finishing material, drywall has advantages and disadvantages that you should be aware of if you decide to install it on the walls in your home.

First, let's get acquainted with the list of positive qualities of drywall sheets:

They are distinguished by a flat and smooth surface, because of which they are chosen for leveling various bases.
The advantage of drywall is its thermal conductivity. In a room where the walls are sheathed with this material, it will always be warm and cozy.
Drywall is recognized as an environmentally friendly material. It does not contain dangerous and harmful substances, so it can be safely used even in the decoration of children's rooms.
GKL sheets are fireproof and do not support combustion.

Another significant advantage of drywall is its vapor permeability. Due to this quality, such material is not susceptible to the formation of mold and fungus.
Often, consumers buy drywall, as it has an affordable price, and is used for a variety of purposes.
Plasterboard walls can be supplemented with various heaters (more often foam and mineral wool are preferred).
Working with drywall is quite simple. You do not need to buy expensive tools for this.

Using this finishing material, you can realize any bold design ideas. That is why drywall is used by many designers in their designs.
Drywall does not require expensive and regular maintenance.
GLA does not emit an unpleasant chemical odor.
It is seamlessly processed. To do this, you can use almost any material, from ordinary paper wallpaper to tiles.

Plasterboard sheets can be installed in any room. It can be not only a dry living room or bedroom, but also a bathroom or kitchen. Of course, for the latter it is necessary to select moisture-resistant canvases.
Thanks to gypsum sheets, you can hide unattractive communications and wires in the room.
With the frame method of fixing drywall, draft walls do not need to be prepared for a long time and scrupulously with the help of special compounds. It is enough to treat them with antiseptic agents to avoid the reproduction of harmful microorganisms.
Many consumers purchase drywall for repair because it can be used immediately after purchase, letting them lie down for 2-3 days without undergoing additional preparation.
To date, the choice of drywall sheets allows you to choose the best option for any conditions.

As you can see, the list of positive qualities of drywall is quite impressive.

However, it also has its weaknesses:

Ordinary drywall is not recommended for installation in rooms with a high level of humidity. For such conditions, it is worth choosing exclusively moisture-resistant types of material. However, according to experts, even such drywall in wet conditions begins to lose its properties and deteriorate.
Drywall sheets may begin to crumble, especially under heavy loads. That is why it is not allowed to hang heavy objects such as large clocks, hanging bathroom sinks, lighting fixtures, large paintings and other objects with considerable weight on plaster walls. Otherwise, these things will not stay in place for long, and then just fall off and damage the drywall.

Work with drywall must be very careful not to damage it. Do not bend this material unless it is arched.
Drywall on the frame will "eat up" some space in the room, so this method of installing the material is not suitable for all areas.

How significant are the listed disadvantages - each consumer must decide for himself. But it is worth noting that many problems can be avoided if you choose the right material and strictly follow the instructions when attaching it to the walls.

Materials and tools

If you decide to independently install drywall on partitions in your home, then you should stock up on tools and materials.

From the toolkit you will need:

special knife for cutting drywall sheets;
special glue (for frameless mounting method);
building level, plumb line, special marking cord, tape measure, long ruler (you can take a rule instead), pencil / marker - you will need these tools for marking walls and for competent control of the verticality of surfaces;
regular and rubber hammers;

spatula (you can take a trowel instead);
a separate container for mixing the adhesive composition;
screwdriver;
perforator;

self-tapping screws;
dowel;
screws;
electric drill with mixer attachment;

roller with a long handle;
soft brush;
planer (needed for chamfering);
putty (for applying the finishing layer after all work has been completed).

From the materials you will need:

GKL sheets (regular, moisture-resistant or fire-resistant - it all depends on the room in which the sheets are planned to be installed);
galvanized profile or wooden beam (to form a frame with an appropriate installation method).

Application area

Drywall is a versatile material. It is used in a variety of conditions and seamlessly fixed on various grounds.

You simply cannot do without this material when it comes to a wooden house or a log house. In such conditions, the walls are almost always uneven and require proper alignment. However, it should be borne in mind that wooden houses always shrink and gypsum boards can only be installed in them after this process is completed. Otherwise, the sheets may be damaged under such conditions or deformed.

To install drywall on walls in wooden houses, you must:

provide space for the installation of insulation (unless, of course, you plan to additionally insulate the room);
have free space for laying communication systems.

Aligning the walls in wooden houses is not an easy task. In this case, the best option would be frame mounting. However, some owners first attach sheets of plywood or chipboard to the boards and bars, and then drywall is glued to them.

Drywall can also be attached to walls with a concrete base. For such surfaces, it is not at all necessary to make a complex frame. Drywall can be glued to such bases using special glue. Such adhesives are very common in stores today. For example, the well-known company Knauf offers a high-quality Perlfix composition.

Drywall is often used to level brick walls. Here you can also refer to the usual gluing of the material without making the frame. In such cases, immediately before installation, it is necessary to find out with the help of a level how curved the floors are, after which any dirt, dust and grease spots are removed from the brick. In addition, the brick wall must be absolutely dry, otherwise it will not be possible to achieve sufficient adhesion with drywall even when using high-quality glue.

In case you want to align the walls of foam blocks, then you should turn to the frame installation method. This is due to the softness of such grounds. However, some users turn to frameless installation, but before that, the foam block must be prepared - finished with soil or plaster.

Aerated concrete walls also often require alignment. In such cases, both frame and frameless mounting methods can be used. In the second case, it is necessary to treat aerated concrete bases with a deep penetration primer. Glue in such cases must be selected especially carefully, as in cases with foam block ceilings. Experts recommend using compositions from Knauf and Volma Montazh.

Drywall can make the walls smooth even in adobe houses. Such buildings are full-fledged composites built from clay, earth, straw and sand. Of course, with such building materials, there is no need to talk about perfectly even partitions. For this reason, they simply need leveling sheets such as drywall.

Mounting methods

We have already mentioned above that drywall sheets are attached to the walls by making a frame or in a frameless way. The choice of one or another installation option largely depends on the structure and conditions of the room and, of course, the preferences of the owners.

Go to profile

This option for installing drywall is the most popular. It is quite possible to make it yourself. With this method, gypsum sheets are installed on a pre-prepared frame, consisting of metal profiles fixed along the wall.

It is worth considering some of the nuances of this common installation method:

A heater can be placed between the wall and the profile, if necessary. Most often, consumers choose mineral wool, foam or polystyrene for this. However, we must not forget that the draft walls must be treated with an antiseptic composition before laying the insulating layer.
In the cavity behind the frame, various engineering communications can be hidden. It can be water pipes, radiators or electrical wiring.
Do not forget that in rooms with a high level of humidity it is permissible to use only moisture-resistant drywall. Ordinary sheets in such conditions will not last long.

Mounting drywall sheets on the frame has several advantages:

with such an installation in the room, additional noise and heat insulation is provided;
frame installation allows you to align even ugly curved walls;
before installing the frame and fixing the drywall, the draft partitions do not require preparation (it is enough to walk on them with antiseptics).

Let's take a closer look at the step-by-step instructions for installing drywall on the frame:

First you need to measure the walls and make markings on them for the installation of metal profiles and suspensions.
Marking for guides must begin with the top profile. At the same time, the necessary indent is made from the ceiling, then a line is drawn and transferred to the floor with the help of a plumb line.
Vertical profiles must be placed at a distance of at least 60 cm from each other. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that each drywall sheet rests on three racks.
As for the installation of suspensions, here it is also necessary to maintain a certain distance - 60-80 cm will be quite enough.

After that, you can proceed directly to the installation of the frame. First, along the perimeter, you need to fix the guide profiles. To fasten them to the ceiling and floor, you must use a puncher, dowels and screws.
At the points marked during the measurements, you need to attach the suspensions.
Carriers should be inserted into the guide profiles and fixed with hangers.
Fasten all the details as reliably and tightly as possible, since the durability and strength of the entire structure as a whole will depend on the quality of the frame.

Before installing drywall sheets, it is necessary to strengthen the horizontal guides.
When the frame is ready, you should proceed to install drywall sheets on it. They must be fixed in a vertical position. To do this, you can use special self-tapping screws for metal 25 mm. But they need to be screwed in such a way that the caps are slightly "drowned" in the drywall.
After installing all the sheets, the joints between them must be treated with putty using reinforcing tape.
When the putty is completely dry, the drywall attached to the frame should be completely puttied. After that, the surface of the wall finish will be perfectly even and smooth (without any flaws).

According to experts, this installation technology is simpler. However, it should be borne in mind that such a design will take up part of the area in the room, so in a very small room it is better to use the frameless method, unless, of course, the ceilings allow it.

Profileless structures

The frameless fastening of drywall is also called adhesive, since with it the sheets are fixed on the ceilings with the help of a special adhesive.

When choosing this installation option, you must comply with the following conditions:

on draft floors there should be no fungus or mold;
crumbling areas should also not be;

walls should not be subject to freezing;
they must be protected from moisture and excessive moisture;
from the surface of the walls it is necessary to remove old finishing materials, as well as dust, dirt and any other contaminants.

Frameless drywall fasteners can only be accessed if the curvature of the walls does not exceed 4 cm. Otherwise, it is better to build a profile frame.

Glue plasterboard on the base can be in different ways.

The best option must be selected based on the technical condition of the floors:

The first mounting method is designed for more even surfaces. With it, the fixing of gypsum boards occurs directly on the wall using mounting gypsum glue. It is transferred to the base along the perimeter (longitudinal lines).
If the floors have irregularities on their surface, then drywall is recommended to be glued to them using Perlfix glue. It must be applied in portions along the entire length of the back side of the gypsum sheet (keep a distance of 35 cm between the heaps of glue), as well as along its perimeter.

Now it is worth considering in more detail the instructions for the profileless installation of drywall sheets:

First you need to measure the floors and plan the placement of drywall slabs.
Then you need to correctly prepare the surface of the base. If the wall has a porous structure, then it should be covered with a primer mixture.
Now you need to cut the GKL sheets, as you will need not only whole panels, but also pre-prepared inserts.
To make a straight cut, it is better to use a sharp construction knife. If you are going to make curved cuts, then you should use an electric jigsaw.

Prepare the glue. To do this, you can use modern gypsum mortars, which harden for a long time.
If the glue dries too quickly and you want to extend its drying time, then it is worth adding wallpaper adhesive or good old PVA to the water for dilution.
Now you can start gluing drywall to the walls. Pay attention to the thickness of the adhesive layer. It directly depends on the area of irregularities on the base. If the overlaps are sufficiently even, then the mixture can be applied to it immediately.
To eliminate significant curvature, it is worth putting beacons. They can be built from plasterboard strips with a width of 10 cm. These elements must be glued around the entire perimeter in a vertical position, maintaining a step of 40-50 cm.

The right and left beacons (extreme) should be mounted using a plumb line.
After that, focusing on the mounting line (or thread) stretched between the extreme beacons, you need to install the remaining strips.
Align the beacons with the rule.
Gypsum boards must be pressed using the rule set in the various provisions. Tap the panels with a rubber mallet and correct their position.
When the glue dries, the seams between the plasterboard panels must be finished with putty.

Drywall is a lifeline in matters of wall alignment. Installation of gypsum sheets cannot be called unbearably difficult and energy-intensive.

To get a more aesthetic and reliable design, Consider the following advice and recommendations from professionals:

It is permissible to install gypsum boards in the room only after laying the floor coverings. Also, by the time the floors are leveled in the room, all issues related to laying communications and heating systems should be resolved.
When gluing drywall (with a frameless method), try to avoid cruciform joints. It is better to lay out sheets with an offset.
Pay attention to the width of the gaps between the gypsum sheets for profileless installation. This indicator should be from 5 to 7 mm, the gap from the floor - 7-10 mm, and from the ceiling - 3-5 mm.
In order for the drywall to hold securely on the floors, it is necessary to pay attention to their technical condition. There should be no crumbling and falling apart sections in the walls.

With the frame installation method, it is recommended to create a chamfer on the cut material (it is needed for better sealing of all finishing seams). For this, it is recommended to use a special edge planer.
It is recommended to prepare all tools and materials before starting installation work. This will allow you to work without distractions and without wasting time on unnecessary activities.
Adhesive compositions must be diluted, based on the instructions. It must be printed on the packaging.
Do not over-tighten fasteners on drywall as this can warp the brittle material.
To work with drywall you will need a level. Of course, you can choose the tool that is more convenient for you to work with, but experts advise turning to laser devices.

Pay attention to the temperature regime during installation work. The recommended temperature is +10 degrees. If the room is noticeably cooler, then you should take care of additional heating systems in advance.
Plasterboard sheets are recommended to be installed on the walls not immediately after purchase, but after they lie down in your house for 2-3 days in dry and warm conditions.

Installation of drywall sheets is carried out in two main ways on the frame or directly on the wall surface. In most cases, drywall is attached to walls without a frame in rooms with a small area, since the crate takes up a lot of space and narrows the space. How and in what way frameless installation is performed, we will consider in this article.

The most common frameless drywall installation method is used in rooms with small areas.

Advantages and disadvantages of frameless drywall installation

The frameless mounting method has the following advantages:

Saving money spent on the installation of the crate.
Fast installation. Basically, the duration of the installation work is caused by the construction of the frame, and in its absence, the process is accelerated.
This method allows you to save more free space, since the crate occupies at least 5 cm of the usable area of \u200b\u200beach wall.

Flaws:

With increased humidity of the walls, drywall will quickly become unusable, even taking into account the use of moisture-resistant material.
Finishing walls with drywall without a frame and a profile is possible only with minor surface irregularities.
The maximum allowable difference is 2 cm, but no more. With more significant differences, it is necessary to level the surface or apply another method of fixing the finishing material.
When using the frameless method, there is no way to hide communications.

Preparing everything you need

To attach drywall without a frame, you need to plan the work and prepare everything you need:
Tools and material:

Electric jigsaw.
Drywall (the amount is calculated taking into account the area of \u200b\u200bthe walls of the room).
Gypsum mix.
Level.
Roulette.
Container for diluting the adhesive solution.
Metal brush.
Mortar for plaster.
Putty knife.
Primer.
A hammer.

Measure the room and, according to the results, cut the material. Measurements are also necessary to select the most appropriate material location option. If the standard height of the room (2.5 m) is exceeded, it is necessary to prepare special inserts that will close the resulting gaps.

When calculating and cutting the material, it must be taken into account that the location of the sheets should be offset - to prevent the appearance of cruciform joints.

Before installing drywall, it is necessary to prepare the wall: clean it from whitewash, wallpaper and paint. Existing holes must be patched.

Wall alignment

The preparation and alignment of the walls plays a big role in the long-term operation of the drywall coating. The complexity of their preparation lies in the material from which they are made.

The most suitable and convenient option is brickwork walls, which will only be covered with a primer.

If the walls are plastered, it is necessary to remove this coating, as it may fall off over time and deform the slab from the inside.

All other coatings, such as whitewash, old wallpaper, paint, must also be removed.

The surface preparation process should be carried out in the following sequence:

Tapping walls to identify weak spots and remove them.
Removing the old cover.
Plastering the resulting pits in the process of tapping.
Cleaning the surface from dust.
Wall primer with a deep penetrating compound.
Drywall sheets should also be primed.

A primer is necessary in order to preserve the finishing material from the appearance of mold on it, since primers have antibacterial properties that prevent the growth of fungus.

Solution and methods of its application

Gypsum is used as a fixing solution. Alternatively, you can use starting putty or alabaster, but to increase adhesion, you need to add wallpaper paste or PVA to the solution.

How to apply the solution for different irregularities:

If the unevenness difference is 5 mm, the solution is applied to the drywall sheet in a thin layer along the edges and in the center.
With differences from 5 to 20 mm, a special adhesive is applied pointwise, in increments of 25 - 30 cm.
If the differences reach 40 mm, then it is first necessary to attach small drywall pieces to the wall with glue, on which, after the glue dries, the main plates will be attached.
If 40 mm is exceeded, the method of frameless mounting of the finishing material is unacceptable.

Methods for frameless fastening of drywall

Sheathing walls with drywall without a frame is carried out in two ways, the choice of which is made based on the characteristics of the room being repaired.

There are several options for cladding: gluing sheets to the wall and on self-tapping screws.

Gluing drywall sheets to the base of the walls

This is the easiest way to finish interior surfaces.

Gluing technology:

First of all, you need to prepare wooden pegs for putting them under the drywall sheets. They are necessary to obtain small gaps between the sheet and the floor (1 cm). Gaps must also be made between sheets - no more than 0.5 cm.
The adhesive is applied to the sheet in the manner that is most suitable.
As soon as possible, but very carefully, the material is glued to the wall.
With the help of the level, the unevenness of the coating is adjusted by tapping in problem areas with a rubber mallet.
After tapping, you should again carefully check the entire surface for evenness until the mortar has hardened.
After leveling the surface, the gypsum board is supported by a wooden plank.

Alignment of sheets must be carried out very carefully, since drywall is very fragile and can easily be deformed.

At the end of the fastening of the finishing material, the joints are glued with a fiberglass mesh and puttyed. The resulting roughness is cleaned with sandpaper. After cleaning the surface from dust, it is primed and lined with the chosen method.

Installation of drywall on self-tapping screws

This method is more practical than the previous one, but the installation technology is a little more difficult. When applying this method, mounting foam and thick foam rubber must be added to the base materials.

Fastening technology:

Having attached the cut drywall sheets to the wall, they drill holes in 10 places that will serve as a marker.
Having removed the plate, anchors are driven in at the marks.
Pieces of foam rubber are glued to the plate (from holes of 10 cm), which will act as a shock absorber.
If there are sockets and switches on the wall, holes are immediately cut out in drywall for them.
Leaning the sheet against the wall, it is fastened with self-tapping screws.
Leveling the surface is done by unscrewing or tightening the screws.
For high-quality fixation, holes with a diameter of 5 mm are made next to the screws, through which mounting foam will be poured.
After the sealant has hardened, the self-tapping screws are removed, and the holes after them are puttied.
The final stage is gluing the seams and their putty, followed by grinding the surface.

Before pouring mounting foam, you must first practice with the dosage. After the release of the sealant, a spot should be obtained with a diameter of no more than 15 cm.

Summing up, we can say that the installation of drywall without a frame is a fairly acceptable way to level the walls, which can be performed by almost every person without special skills. To do this, it is necessary to correctly make calculations and cut the material, as well as determine the method of frameless fastening of drywall. Subject to all requirements for the surface of the walls, the material will last a long time.