Production of a parquet board. Artistic parquet of Russian production. Profitable: quality, prices, terms. Parquet business and human factor

Today there is reason to assert that the production of parquet is one of those types of business that develops more successfully not in the center, but in the regions of Russia.

Russian parquet market

Evidence of the above are two Russian leaders in parquet production - the Obninsk plant and the Zarya factory, located in the Kaluga region. The existence of numerous Russian brands of parquet reflects the trend of growth in the commercial attractiveness of this business, we will present an incomplete list of them: Alloro, Junglewood, Adygea-Parquet, Amber Strand Artparket, Bond, Maykop Parquet, Romanovsky Parquet ”, “Old master”, “Traditions of Russian parquet”.

The main consumer of parquet is the construction industry. It is also important to cooperate with hardware stores, and especially with supermarkets. A survey conducted by the Dom i Byt magazine showed that 75% of Russian construction companies feel a shortage of high-quality parquet supplies. The technology of parquet production is progressing, which is precisely demonstrated by the above bouquet of various brands.

Where and how to open a business?

An entrepreneur, before entering the parquet business, must simultaneously take into account and link together several important factors.

"Technical" questions are extremely important. Nearby, logging enterprises or sawmills should operate and, of course, the wood used for the production of parquet should grow in industrial volumes.

Uninterrupted power transmission should be provided (ideally from two alternative power lines). Preliminary agreements on the purchase of products with developers (SMU, etc.) are important.

To minimize possible risks in the implementation of production, the best step is to rent a small woodworking plant on the outskirts of the city. There, in a specially equipped production room, equipment for the production of parquet boards is installed. (At the same time, the business project itself initially provided for the organizational and technical requirements of regulatory authorities.)

Production area planning

The location of production should be subject to the order of the production process. A convenient access road to the sawmill is important. An area of 50-100 m 2 is allotted for the sawmill site, a canopy is equipped above it. The rough board - the products of the sawmill - is stored close to the preparatory site, under which the production area of about 90 m 2 is allocated indoors. For the final stage - "finishing", carried out using a parquet line - 60 m 2 will be required. Thus, the total estimated area for the production of parquet is about 200 m 2 .

What parquet would you like?

According to statistics, parquet production is on the rise. A kind of psychological incentive for further development, as experts note, is the predominance of low-quality goods on the Russian market (as well as other CIS countries). Entrepreneurs, opening a parquet business, strive to demonstrate the higher quality of their products. Therefore, even a small production that has established the production of a commodity in demand can have the prospect of commercial success.

What kind of parquet production should be developed? We will follow from the most demanded, then at first piece will be positioned, then mosaic, then parquet board (multilayered) and, finally, panel board. Multi-layer parquet requires additional investment in adhesive production. Of course, it is preferable for these purposes to use imported machines for the production of parquet.

And yet, most Russian entrepreneurs produce piece parquet. It is a standard technologically textured plank, usually manufactured in the range of thickness 1.5-2.2 cm, width 3-15 cm, length 9.5-50 cm. How is it classified? Everyone knows the classic, familiar to us "Soviet" format - 15 x 45 x 250 mm, the rest is considered to be euro parquet. Parquets are rigidly fastened together by connecting two side tongues with two grooves.

Different wood - different parquet

Each entrepreneur who manufactures parquet focuses on a specific market and, accordingly, selects production raw materials for his needs. It is well known that the texture of any parquet flooring and its pattern depend on the type of wood. A creative approach to the choice of wood varieties requires the production of artistic parquet.

Here is an example of some types of parquet (depending on the raw materials used). Oak parquet is probably the most popular in Europe, perhaps due to historical tradition. Since ancient times, oak has been considered the embodiment of strength and strength, which is probably why products from it are traditionally in great demand. Among wood products of temperate latitudes, it is one of the most durable. The color can be different: from light brown to dark noble shades of bog oak (the most expensive).

Beech parquet is slightly textured, but has a delicate warm light pattern: from whitish with a yellowish tinge to rich golden brown. Nevertheless, its wood is valued along with oak by the real connoisseurs of parquet - the British.

It is noteworthy that with additional steam treatment, this wood acquires a reddish color. (Parquet production sometimes uses this method as well.) Ash parquet is also excellent. In addition to being no less durable than oak, it has a subtle textured pattern. Motley, with a reddish tint, walnut wood, being turned into parquet, can create truly fantastic panels on the floor, thanks to its bright pattern. Light birch parquet is also popular.

Full cycle of parquet production

Full-cycle parquet production includes several stages.

First comes the primary processing of the forest with the help of a sawmill (the cost of a Russian one is $50,000) and a dryer (correspondingly, $15,000-20,000).

Then comes the preparatory stage. Within its framework, with the help of a multi-blade machine ($ 5-15 thousand), the thickness of the products is set. The main processing is carried out on a four-sided planer ($12-15 thousand) and a trimming machine ($2-4 thousand), cutting a profiled board into standard "pieces".

And, finally, the actual parquet line, equipped with a four-sided planer combined with a tenon cutter ($60,000 (from a Russian manufacturer), up to $220,000 imported).

If an entrepreneur seeks to organize the production of parquet that is competitive in the foreign market, then he should be guided by ISO9001 and DIN standards. Imported equipment will be needed at least at the final stage of the production process. At the same time, investments in production will amount to $500,000. Is it worth mentioning that improving the quality of products should stimulate wages for workers?

Full-cycle production serviced by Russian-made machine tools will cost less - $250,000. It will comply with Russian GOST standards and is focused on the Russian market.

Art parquet

The production of artistic parquet in Russia began in the 18th century, when the St. Petersburg palaces were being built. Masters of that time used more than 50 types of wood. Modern industrial production is based on gluing colored strips onto the base (the so-called marquetry technique).

In the manufacture of such parquet, the layers of wood lie on the base perpendicular to each other. In this combination, the texture of their fibers looks the most advantageous. The front layer is made of high-grade wood 5-6 mm thick. Such a product is varnished thoroughly, usually in 5 layers.

Economy version of parquet production

An entrepreneur, "trying on" any business, proceeds from the required amount of investment in it. The costs for the production of piece parquet when buying prepared raw materials can be $50,000.

At the same time, the entrepreneur selectively buys machines for parquet: a Russian-made parquet line worth $20,000, and also equips a preparatory site, which also costs $20,000 at a minimum. Purchase, installation, launch of equipment, as well as the cost of purchasing raw materials will amount to just the above-mentioned $50,000.

However, the manufacturing entrepreneur does not stop at such an acquisition. Having paid off this economical option of “launching” a business, he continues to invest in production, trying to organize its full cycle.

Parquet business and human factor

We should not forget the old truth - "cadres decide everything." Initially, you should hire reliable assistants: a competent accountant-economist, technologist and marketer-driver.

You can't do without a production accountant either. After all, in addition to production moments, you will need to draw up a lot of documents: employment contracts, work schedule, staffing, personal cards, accounting for work books, registration of orders.

A “strong” technologist is also the key to business success. After all, production must be established, respectively, DSTU 3819-98 and GOST 862.1-85 and DSTU 3819-98, which regulate production tolerances, curvature and cleanliness of processing, and the permitted level of defects.

The area of activity of a marketer-driver is to study the market, conclude contracts with suppliers, deliver raw materials and send finished products, and sell them.

Priority in the selection of workers is their ability to work on the equipment, and if necessary, they must be able to repair and adjust the machine for the production of parquet. The general level of health of workers is also important, because, in addition to their main work, they will have to load, unload, store.

Profitability of the parquet business

In percentage terms, the costs of parquet production are as follows: 60% - the cost of raw materials, 15% - payment for electricity and other energy carriers, 20% - wages to staff. What is important is the rhythmic work of production, its full load, the absence of downtime and overstocking. Equipment for the production of parquet should work without downtime. If these conditions are met, the profitability of the parquet production business is 15%.

However, entrepreneurs do not stop there, further increasing profitability through the implementation of a full production cycle: from timber harvesting to parquet laying. After all, the sale of parquet, combined with its laying, increases its retail price by 2.2 times. The correct laying of parquet requires qualification. The manufacturing enterprises that have developed this direction also include a team of builders who lay parquet.

Conclusion

Parquet production is a living, creative process.

It combines many factors. Production process and accounting, rhythmic work with suppliers and buyers of products, labor productivity, product quality.

The achieved level of production is directly proportional to the profitability of the business. Thus, a square meter of high-quality imported parquet costs $100, while the “Hermitage class”, which demonstrates the production of artistic parquet, costs $300.

And, of course, the ideal way for manufacturing entrepreneurs to optimize demand is to cooperate with chain hardware stores.

The company Parquet Fashion has its own production. The production is equipped with the most advanced equipment in the field of flooring. We work with more than 120 breeds - both traditional and rare and exotic. All wood goes through a multi-stage selection, sorted between sizes and selections, thanks to which the high quality of the produced modular and artistic parquet is achieved. Our production is focused on the production of exclusive parquet, wall panels, window sills, countertops, coffered ceilings, stairs. We manufacture products for a full cycle - from logging to the production of elements ready for installation.

In our work, we use only specialized high-precision German and Italian machines, as well as manual labor in creating the most complex forms of modules and patterns. Nothing can be compared with the level and quality of the product, made by the craftsmen by hand.

Parquet processing equipment that we use:

§ Automated UV painting line "Cefla" Italy, for super accurate and clean painting of parquet (solid parquet, piece parquet, engineered parquet, parquet board). The varnish or oil applied by such a line is cured by exposure to ultraviolet radiation in a very short time. One of the advantages of such coatings is their resistance to sunlight, the coating does not fade and does not fade in the sun longer, retaining its original color.

§ Machine tools - CNC "Griggio" Italy (NC machines) and a vacuum table, which provide high-precision production of complex curvilinear fragments of modular and artistic parquet patterns. Ensuring the accuracy of the product to tenths of a millimeter. These machines allow us to create real masterpieces from wood. Today we produce rosettes (artistic parquet) up to 3 meters in diameter.

§ Brushing machines "Schroeder" (Germany), "Griggio" Italy - are used to create an additional relief on the working surface of the parquet. Using metal brushes, soft wood fibers are selected (removed), leaving the most durable, thereby revealing the texture and pattern of wood, which emphasizes its beauty.The customer can adjust the brushing depth at will.

§ Machines for embossing "COSTA" Italy - one of the latest innovations in parquet processing. With the help of rollers, on which a certain pattern is applied, we roll the workpiece under pressure, heating the shaft, obtaining its imprint on the parquet in the form of a continuous three-dimensional pattern. With the help of this technology and subsequent painting, such 3D effects are achieved (the floor looks voluminous), as well as aging effects.

§ Machine for manual scraping, this effect is called a wave

We produce artistic and modular parquet in massive and engineered designs, using equipment from Griggio (Italy), Weinig (Germany). Modules are produced by gluing at the ends, followed by crimping and calibrating the module, this allows you to achieve the perfect geometry. The manufacture of modules from a solid wooden block allows to increase the service life of the module by several times, and makes it possible to restore and restore it for a period of up to 20-50 years. Parquet Fashion modules can be inlaid with various elements: metal, composite materials, colored resins, marble, cork, leather, stone, swarovski crystals and other elements.

Our production Parquet Fashion has its own studio for the selection of colors for the customer. We can paint both on an automated line and manually, which makes the product more unique and individual. The color matching service includes test colors, determination of the required dimensions, determination of the material and type of construction. Recently, the effects of aging (vintage parquet), as well as patination, manual scraping are gaining popularity. We apply this type of treatment manually, creating a unique inimitable relief on the parquet.

Finished products are carefully packed in a special way to prevent mechanical damage during transportation. We guarantee high quality products. We hope you will appreciate our capabilities and our readiness to do our job with high quality.

Parquet is well-deservedly popular for several main reasons:

This is a traditional floor covering. Thanks to him, the room acquires a respectable and solid appearance;
Environmental friendliness;
Durability;
Ease of care;
Noise and heat insulating properties.

In the production of parquet, wood is additionally treated with a layer of oil or varnish. This increases the wear resistance of the surface and the service life of the parquet, and also saves you from having to apply the coating on it yourself.

Parquet production in Moscow

Our company produces parquet and parquet boards from domestic and exotic woods. Compliance with the technology at each stage of production allows you to make a floor covering that is characterized by increased strength. The presence of the necessary certificates guarantees the high quality of parquet and its compliance with GOST and fire safety standards.

Wholesale production of parquet

Wholesale production of parquet allows us to cooperate with large hardware stores and repair organizations. Why it is beneficial to cooperate with us:

Favorable price and easy payment. We offer the best prices for the wholesale market, a flexible payment system, cash and cashless payments;
A large assortment. You can buy parquet of any series in any quantity you need at any time;
Documentation. When purchasing parquet, we provide you with all the necessary documentation;
Flexible prices when forming a wholesale order. You can also save on logistics and delivery of goods to your warehouse or outlet;
Loyalty programs for regular customers, discounts and promotions.

By purchasing parquet from us, you get a high-quality product, friendly service, profitable promotions and discounts, and an individual approach to each client.

Clearly realizing that natural parquet is a continuous advantage, not everyone knows what stages the material goes through until it is ready. What is the production of parquet, what equipment is used for this and how does the production of parquet boards differ from the technology of manufacturing piece material? More on that below.

Both parquet and parquet board are produced in several stages. The first is manufacturing, the second is quality control. In the process of control, a visual inspection of the material is carried out, additionally, special devices are used.

Both the manufacture of parquet, and a more budgetary option - a parquet board, involves the use of natural wood species. Traditionally, this is:

oak - from light brown to dark;
walnut - has a characteristic reddish tint;
ash - with a thin textured pattern;
beech - with a light texture, golden color.

Of the exotic breeds, the most commonly used are:

olive;
merbau;
chocolate tree.

The peculiarity of exotic woods lies in improved performance. Many breeds cope better with temperature fluctuations, are more resistant to moisture.

Mosaic parquet shares the palm with piece parquet, followed by shield and parquet boards. Traditional dimensions of the material: thickness - from 1.5 to 2.2 cm, length - from 9.5 to 50 cm, width - from 3 to 15 cm.

Production of piece parquet: what stages does it consist of?

The process of manufacturing material for finishing the floor begins with drying and sorting the components. Raw materials enter production in the form of palletized blanks. At this stage, a thorough inspection of the material for the presence of visual defects is carried out. If any, the material is not used.

Quality raw materials are selected and dried. For this, drying chambers are used, where the workpieces are left under the influence of high temperature for several months. At the same stage, heat treatment of the material is carried out - heating it without air access, followed by natural cooling. The result of all the manipulations is to obtain a dense and reliable wood, not prone to deformation.

The next stage is sawing the prepared wood into boards with certain parameters with the removal of defective areas. Using milling machines, the resulting parts are processed from all sides in order to obtain parts of the correct geometric shape and a prepared front surface. The same machines are suitable for cutting tongue and groove on the elements of the future parquet. Finished boards are packed for further sale.

It can be noted that the technology for manufacturing piece parquet is not the most complicated, especially when compared with the technology for producing parquet boards. The complex design of multilayer elements made of different types of wood leaves a certain imprint on the production process, obliging manufacturers to adhere to the established algorithm.

How to get a parquet board: production stages

For the manufacture of modern parquet boards, both expensive natural woods and less valuable ones are used for the substrate. The appearance, performance properties and service life of the future coating will depend on the features of the production process, the choice of wood for the material, its condition, the type of glue.

So, the production of a parquet board consists of the following steps:

Creation of the front layer.
Substrate device.
Connection of all layers.

At the initial stage, using a sawing machine, valuable wood boards are sawn into lamellas of the required parameters. Then they are processed using a milling machine, achieving the production of products of regular geometric shapes. The slats are lubricated with adhesives, obtaining a front layer, after which, depending on the desired result, heat treatment, bleaching or planing is carried out.

To create a substrate, an edged board made of inexpensive wood species, more often coniferous, is sawn. The third layer - coniferous veneer sheet is designed to stabilize the structure. Finished boards are processed using a milling machine, obtaining products with the correct geometric proportions and a clean surface.

The final stage is the fixation of the layers of the board, when the front part is glued to the other two. The second layer is equipped with a tongue-and-groove lock or a rotary-angle lock. The second and third parts of the board are glued together so that the fibers form mutually perpendicular planes. This method of connection increases the strength characteristics of the product, including in conditions of sharp temperature fluctuations and changes in humidity levels.

Equipment for the production of parquet - what is used?

To establish the process, you will need socialized equipment for the production of parquet or parquet board. The most important machines:

sawmill with mechanized supply of raw materials;
sharpening and adjustable equipment for saws;
dryer (with several drying modes);
moisture meters;
parquet line - the basis of production (includes a tenon cutter and a 4-sided planer);
carpentry preparatory.

In addition to equipment for the production of parquet, you need to consider the location and arrangement of the premises where the work will take place. For starters, a room of 200 square meters will suffice.

If it is not possible to place all the equipment in the room, some of it is located outside it, for example, a sawmill can be placed outside the shop, providing a canopy. And for the warehouse of round timber, even a canopy is not required.

The cost per square meter of piece parquet consists of 60% of raw materials, 15% of electricity costs. The rest is labor costs. In general, the profitability of the parquet production business is at least 15%.

To avoid difficulties with the arrangement of a room for working with natural wood, it makes sense to start production in a special workshop equipped for wood processing, taking into account fire safety standards.

And finally, when purchasing raw materials for the manufacture of parquet from natural wood (usually from oak and ash), it is worth remembering the documents confirming its quality. The blanks must be delivered with radiation safety certificates and a hygienic conclusion from the Ministry of Health. Only certified raw materials make it possible to obtain certified parquet as a result.

In conclusion, we note that the technology for the production of parquet boards and piece parquet is identical for almost every manufacturer. There are differences, but only in the sequence of steps and processing methods. The attitude of manufacturers to the material production process with or without control at each stage also differs.

25.03.2018

Vladimir Pleshivtsev, director of production at Mir Parquet.

Mir Parket is not only a trading company, but also a manufacturing company with a powerful own production area of more than 3,000 m2, located in Moscow. Today we will talk about the serious advantages that the presence of production provides for the client, - says Vladimir Pleshivtsev, director of production at Mir Parket.

Today the market is filled with a huge number of artistic parquet manufacturers. Formally, they really are manufacturers. However, in fact, many of them are rather handicraft production on areas of 30-40-50 m2, and sometimes simply production in a garage. A circular saw is usually located in the corner, somewhere above the head there is a rack with raw materials and finished products. The product is varnished in the same room. There is no hood, as a result - dust and dirt. Primitive set of tools. And if some simple drawings can be made here, then how, for example, to make a curved element?

But is it really possible to make a color corresponding to the sample here? Let's say we have a formula for each color. Let's say 35 grams of dye should be applied to it per m2. We have a line, and the operator simply weighs the right amount on the scales and pours it into the installation. And the one who covers by hand with a cloth or a roller - will he be able to apply the right amount? As a result, the color just fades away.

Or, for example, the preparation of raw materials for production. For a long time, we have been using conditioning chambers to bring wood to the right moisture content. And if they are not, how to get the moisture content of raw materials in 6-8%?

Or this example: after applying the oil should dry. To do this, the covered board is placed on the rack and just waiting. In winter, a few hours are enough. But in rainy summers, air humidity can reach 95%. The board does not dry. We conducted an experiment: in some cases, the next layer can be applied only after 5 days. Almost a week later! During this time, a layer of dust will fall on the board, and if a handicraft manufacturer has only 40 m2 of square space, is it really possible to place 100 m2 of the ordered board on them?

And how long will it take to apply three layers? And will they be able to withstand the required drying time? We include a special air dryer and the board dries much faster.

A good manufacturer should have a large set of special equipment. How else? How will you re-glue the lamellas if there is no press? Or make a curved cut if there is no CNC milling machine? Or cut a tenon groove? Where to dry wood? What about something as small as a humidifier in the winter or a dehumidifier in the summer? What about a brushing machine? Can a garage manufacturer buy a $50,000 or more laser machine? And this is not the limit of the cost. We have machines for 60,000 Euros, 90,000 $ and even 120,000 Euros.

Therefore, the first difference between us and a small producer is that he does not have the equipment and capabilities that we have.

Secondly, a large manufacturer differs from a small one in reliability and the ability to meet obligations.

Here is an example from life. Someone orders a board from a handicraftsman and makes an advance payment. He buys raw materials, planes the board and prepares for coating. He makes a sample, and suddenly the buyer begins to resent that the material is not the right shade. Like, he chose a yellowish oak, and this one is some kind of gray. Well, it is, the color of oak depends on the place of growth, and after coating it gives a certain shade. There is a conflict. The handicraft does not mind changing. And he knows where to get that yellow oak.

Yes, only, that’s the trouble, you have to pay for it, but he doesn’t have his own money, and what was paid earlier was spent on a gray oak. Conflict, screams, trials, a won case. Well, now take something from the one who has nothing. Result: a brilliant victory in court and no finished board on the floor.

How would this situation unfold for us? Most likely, at the contractual stage, we would have provided for the possibility of different colors. Well, if not, they would change along the way. And no cost to us. Some people like yellow, others like grey. Let's sell it to someone else...

There is another nuance when working with a small manufacturer. Often people buy goods in small companies and believe that it is cheaper there. Why it should be cheaper there is not clear. For example, we take parquet board directly from factories, and small sellers take it from people like us. And why should it be cheaper?

But that's not what we're talking about. And that often such companies consist of several people. The client paid the owner. And he's human too! It can get sick and even die. What will happen to the order?

And it happens that, leaving the money somewhere at the exhibition, the buyer will never see a nice seller again. We are aware of such cases. Buying an expensive product at a market or a building exhibition, to me personally, is like buying a Kohinoor diamond, somewhere in the underpass near three railway stations.

So, the own production of the parquet company. What are the benefits for the customer?

1. By those nearby (for example, you will not be able to work online with China)

2. The fact that it can do NOT only large, but also small orders (no Chinese or Italian will do 50 m2)

3. The fact that it is filled with an abundance of equipment, but what is important for the client is not the equipment itself, but the fact that such an abundance allows you to realize various fantasies

4. The fact that you can track the execution of the order and visit the production. The customer at any time can see the warehouses filled with goods, the production itself, living people. And all this is not somewhere in the Tula region, but nearby on Ryazansky Prospekt, 4. (From Taganskaya metro station 15 minutes by bus).

Over the years of work, we have earned a reputation as a reliable partner who bears full responsibility for obligations. Of course, no production is possible without qualified personnel.