Making lining at home on a homemade machine. Milling cutters for lining - we create a production line

Everyone spends their leisure time in their own way, but it is best to do it with benefit. We offer you to make your own material for finishing your house or apartment. To do this, you will first need milling cutters for lining on a manual milling cutter. Imagine how convenient it is to make material for home repairs, you will agree that it is not only exciting, but also useful.

We make lining at home

Note! The lining cutter shown in the photo above is universal due to the fact that it is convenient to use it both on the machine and in a manual milling machine. The diameter of such parts can range from 35 to 59 millimeters, depending on the length of the shank.

The cutter for making lining, which is shown in the photo, will help you with any sheet pile. It is important to set up the machine correctly, namely to choose a cutter in diameter and depth.

Self-manufacturing process

It's not an easy task, but that doesn't mean you can't do it. The main thing in this case is attentiveness and compliance with safety regulations;
First, make jointed blanks so that they are even. Make a cut immediately on one side of the uncut board, and then proceed to determine the width of the panel;

Before you finally decide on the width of the panel, you need to look at the width of all your boards so that in the end they all turn out the same. Detailed instructions will help you do everything consistently and without errors, most importantly, be careful;

When planing the material, you should be extremely careful, because it is in the process of planing boards that even professionals get injured. In order for the resulting material to be identical in thickness, it is necessary to count the phase passes, that is, their number.

Important! In order for the processing of boards to be simple and uncomplicated, to pass without problems, it is necessary to take material whose length does not exceed two meters. It is convenient to work with such boards, they are easy to process. If the boards are very short, then their processing is facilitated if this process is carried out with a manual milling cutter.

Remember! When you cut the wane, very often there is enough material left that you should not throw it away. From these wastes it will be possible to make small connecting rails.

In the photo - the process of cutting a groove

In the case when the board has already been processed, you only need to make a spike and, of course, a groove. We set the table so that it is convenient for you to work on it and groove the board. Do not forget that it is constantly necessary to adjust the depth of the groove and the workpiece must always be firmly pressed against the table;

You probably understood how to make a lining with a manual milling cutter, but it will still be necessary to talk about the details and nuances of this matter, because each case has its own characteristics that you need to know. Remember that if you need a calibrated board, you will need a thickness gauge to make it, a manual machine will not work for this;

When working with a manual router, you need to be extremely careful. Because this device is considered dangerous. Sometimes even the masters of their craft make a mistake and get injured, so beginners need to be always on the alert. Do not forget about safety precautions, and also monitor the thickness of the product so that your material is even;
Even a novice can make a lining with a manual milling cutter, if he familiarizes himself with all the rules for working with this device before starting work. Do not forget about what guarantees you the safety of work, you should not save on this.

Outcome

In the construction market today you can find all types and sizes of building materials. Do not forget that the price for them is much higher than the cost of the material from which you yourself will make the lining. In the proposed video, you can see the individual stages of making wood panels with your own hands on the machine.

It's time for vacations, and with it, the frequency of out-of-town trips to summer cottages increases. There, a craftsman always has something to put his hands to, giving free rein to creativity in construction and repair. An indispensable material for wall decoration is a practical do-it-yourself lining.

Varieties

The choice of milling cutters for lining is determined by production tasks and economic feasibility. Milling equipment has different power, therefore it is equipped with different types of models that differ in shank diameters of 8 and 12 mm.

All types can be structurally divided into several groups:

prefabricated with mechanical fastening of knives;
with soldered knives;
monolithic.

Prefabricated models have a number of advantages, but are the most expensive. By changing the inserts to carbide or high speed steel and using the same set, it becomes possible to work with wood of different densities. Knives are re-sharpened, and when the production resource is exhausted, the knife itself must be replaced, and not the entire cutter completely.

Among models with soldered plates, the most popular are the so-called backed ones. They are less expensive than the first ones. Due to the process of relief along the front edge, the working profile does not change during regrinding. This is the main advantage of such specimens, along with the ease of regrinding. In addition, their teeth have increased strength. When regrinding, the size of the grooves for the output of wood chips increases, which is convenient to use.

Most often, in backed models, soldered plates made of high-speed steels are used. For example, P6M5 (HSS). Foreign-made high-speed alloy is marked in accordance with international standards with the abbreviation HSS (High Speed Steel).

For the production of sheathing material, soft or medium-density wood species are chosen. Coniferous - spruce and pine, broad-leaved - linden, alder. Therefore, the choice of a high-speed alloy is not accidental.

The more expensive class has brazed plates on hard tungsten alloy discs. In particular, domestic alloys VK8, VK15 (tungsten and cobalt). Hard alloys of foreign production are designated in accordance with ISO as HM (Hard Material), which means "hard metal". Another name is Solid carbide. This type performs well when cutting large volumes of hardwood - oak, ash, beech.

A typical cutter for lining consists of the following elements:

axes of a design with a fixing nut;
two disks with knives;
bearing located between the cutting blades.

Often it is advisable to disassemble them in order to replace any component. Knives made of hard tungsten alloy VK8 (tungsten and cobalt) can be sharpened up to 4 times.

Verified manufacturers

Today, there are hundreds of small and large firms in the construction industry. Experts recommend carefully studying all the nuances before contacting any of them.

Set of end mills "Globe"

The company has established itself as a conscientious manufacturer of professional tools. End mills of the Globus company are designed for the manufacture of such products as lining, block-house, eurolining. The kit includes two combined elements, a complex profile. This set is good in that it allows you to make a full-fledged eurolining rail in two passes, which can significantly reduce time and labor costs.

At all levels, between the bearings, discs and nut, there are adjusting gaskets, thanks to which it is possible to easily adjust the gap between the discs. This will help adjust the gaps or tightness of the tenon-groove connection. Carbide brazing soldered very high quality, without sagging, leakage of brass, made neatly.

"Inveld"

The company has been manufacturing carbide-tipped wood cutters for over 20 years. One of the latest developments of the company is a kit for the manufacture of eurolining or just lining. The set consists of two elements. One cuts out the front part, and the second makes the counterpart.

The set is supplied in two configurations. The first variety is with an 8 mm shank. The second one has a 12 mm shank. This was done in order to work both on milling machines with low power, and on more powerful equipment - milling machines. Collapsible structure. You can unscrew the fixing nut and remove the components, replace the bearing or sharpen the knives. Carbide knives, VK8 alloy. They are soldered to the shaft using brass. They are easy to sharpen on their own with a diamond tool on the back of the knife.

"Slavic Yard"

This manufacturer produces options for quadrilateral and milling machines.

The Slavyansky Dvor enterprise supplies a wide range of models. They are intended for the production of all types of sheathing boards (for timber, lining, eurolining, American, block house). You can choose the type that suits you as a set or separately. With replaceable or soldered knives.

Manufacturing process

The lining is a well-crafted board, cleaned of roughness, on one side of which there is a groove, and on the other - a tongue / tenon for connection. The design is quite simple, so there is nothing impossible in making it yourself.

For this you will need:

milling cutter manual or machine;
cutter set;
boards.

For the production of lining, you will need cleaned jointed boards. Such blanks can be made independently or purchased ready-made. When making personal preparations, it is better to take short boards (up to 2 m). They are easier to manage and the result will be more accurate. First you need to cut the raw board on one side, and then measure the desired size from the even edge. The optimal width is considered to be 7 - 10 cm, although all this is at the discretion of the master.

To get the same thickness of the future lining, you need to maintain the number of passes along the cutter. The resulting difference of a few millimeters will be visually imperceptible.

Having prepared the tree in this way, we proceed to the next step. It is necessary to cut a spike and a groove along the perimeter of the board.

On the machine, this happens in several stages.

The selected cutter is installed on the machine.
By lowering or raising the table, the depth of the groove is adjusted.
A ruler is set at a given distance. During operation, it is necessary to ensure that the workpiece fits snugly against its edge, otherwise the size will go astray.

For the production of lining with a manual milling cutter, a calibrated board is needed. It will not work to make it on a manual milling cutter; a thickness gauge is needed. The width of the comb should be 4 - 6 mm. A thinner one will break off, and a thicker one will not take a kleimer. It is made with a face mill. Then the paneled ones pass from above and the remainder is removed so that the even area is at least 5 mm. On the other side, a smaller chamfer is removed. It is also necessary to monitor the thickness of the material in order to obtain an even product.

Working with a milling cutter can be traumatic, so you must clearly know and follow the rules for operating the equipment. And then the manufacturing process will not bring unpleasant surprises, but will be a joy.

Manufacturers give simple tips to extend the life of the cutter.

When working with wood, tar deposits accumulate, which leads to premature wear. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the instrument from plaque daily.
Do not start work with a blunt tool. The lack of sharpening can provoke burning of the cutting edge and the occurrence of an irreparable defect on the working surface.
Follow sharpening rules. For backed models, it is performed along the front edge of the cutting tool with stones CM1, CM2, with a grain size of A25 or A35. Sharpening knives made of carbide materials is done with diamond wheels. Do not forget to make sure that there is no burning of the edge.

If the interior view of your home leaves much to be desired, you want to make repairs, but just sticking wallpaper is already boring and not at all interesting. Then lining the walls with clapboard will be an excellent solution to your problem. Do-it-yourself wall cladding with decorative boards will be an ideal creative solution for you, and using lining will reduce your time searching for materials for cladding. You can choose the materials for the repair yourself, you can either purchase the lining as a ready-made, processed board, or process it yourself, however, for this you will need at least minimal skills in this area, as well as a special jointing machine with which you can make such boards .

What are cutters for?

In order to sheathe walls, special boards alone will not be enough for you; in addition to them, you will need to purchase a manual router, as well as nozzles for it - cutters. A milling cutter is a special nozzle for a tool that has any shape, on which teeth are applied, which, when rotated, exert a mechanical effect on the object. With the help of these cloves, you can cut various objects, process them, grind them, and so on.

On the modern market there is a huge selection of different nozzles, the main ones are:

terminal;
edging;
cylindrical;
disk.

Terminal

End mills for wood in many cases are of one-piece construction, composite types are rare. Such nozzles work mainly on the principle of the load produced on the wood by the side edge. In addition to forming joints on boards, end mills can be used for end milling, as well as creating complex patterns on wood.

edging

This type of cutter is the most popular among the craftsmen, these nozzles are designed to form the edge of the board. Due to the peculiarities of their structure, edge cutters can create an edge of various intricacies without going deep into the wood.

Cylindrical

This type is divided into several types:

conical - used to create carvings on wood;
spiral - needed for the manufacture of the edge of the board;
grooved - designed to create grooves of various shapes and types.

Disk

They are the most convenient for creating and processing facing boards (lining).

Disc cutters are used for different purposes:

for lining processing;
for processing panels;
for processing and grinding stone;
for metal;
specialized nozzles for various wooden products.

Cutters for manual work with clapboard, in turn, are divided into 3 types:

bearingless;
bearing;
edging.

In the manufacture of the board itself, you will need bearing or edge cutters, for detailed processing, bearingless nozzles are suitable, for which you will need to purchase specialized equipment.

The lining is a special board, which has a groove on one side and a tongue and groove on the other. Therefore, you will need two types of cutters, the function of each of them will be designed specifically for processing the board on one side. The difference between cutters can be the diameter of the shank, the size of which determines the power required for their use.

Each disc cutter has a standard design, it consists of:

the basis of the nozzle is the axis on which the entire main part is fixed;
two disks are attached to the axle from above, on which cutting knives are located;
The discs contain bearings.

The cutting teeth of the nozzle can be sharpened 3-4 times for reuse.

Milling machine

This is a machine with interchangeable nozzles. The milling cutter is mainly used for processing wood products, but with the purchase of additional equipment, it can also process plastic and metal. Such a machine has a rather small size for its functionality, it can be used for almost all purposes, from the manufacture of various parts to the processing of furniture and household items.

Milling tools are of various types:

upper;
edging;
lamellar.

The use of such a device is very convenient and functional.

Self-made lining

Step-by-step instructions for performing work.

First you need to prepare or purchase even boards of the size you need. It is better to choose a length of no more than two meters in order to work with the material more conveniently. The width must be chosen and calculated independently (usually it is made 8-10 cm). When cutting boards, the remnants of the material do not need to be thrown away, they can be made into connecting rails.
Then you need to qualitatively process the board, preparing it for work.
After the board is completely processed, you can proceed to cut the tongue and groove. During this work, everything must be done clearly and measuredly, since the probability of doing something wrong at this stage is quite high. The board must be well and tightly fixed, the table on which the work will take place must be in a stable position. The depth of the groove and the width of the tongue must be constantly adjusted, since even with a minimum displacement, the board will be damaged.
In some cases, it will not be possible to get by with a manual cutter, since in the production of, for example, a calibrated board, more sophisticated equipment will be needed - a thickness gauge.

Throughout the entire time of work, all safety measures must be observed, it is necessary to use protective glasses and gloves, since various types of injuries can be obtained at all stages of processing.

Choice of cutters for wood

When choosing cutters, you need to take into account all their features, firstly, it is desirable that the cutters are made with high quality, in most cases the brand is a guarantee of quality, so it is best to buy tools that have already been tested by time, such brands include Shtil tools. Secondly, it is necessary to be guided by the strength of the material from which the cutter is made, it must be selected based on what material this tool will need to work with. And, thirdly, it is necessary to choose the right type and type of tool that suits your type of work, for example, as mentioned above, a disk cutter is more suitable for working with lining.

Conclusion

Summing up, we can say that a person who is used to doing work with his own hands should have a set of all types of cutters for working with various materials and various details.

In our case, it can be noted that when performing facing work, all types of cutters are suitable, but for working with clapboard it is preferable to use disk cutters, which come in different types, each of these types is necessary at different stages of work.

After all the work, you will receive not only a beautiful interior view of your home and a storm of positive emotions, but also considerable savings, because when buying ready-made facing boards, you will have to spend almost twice as much as when purchasing a set of all necessary tools and making the lining yourself.

How to choose cutters for lining, see the following video.

At leisure, I would always like to do something useful for myself, and some spend this time decorating their house or apartment, because creativity always brings joy. One of the options is the independent production of facing material, for which cutters for lining on a manual milling cutter are needed.

Making wooden panels yourself to sheathe a room with them is very interesting and exciting.

Making lining by hand

cutters

Hand cutters for wood can be divided into bearing(or edge) and bearingless. The former are used for the manufacture of lining, and the latter are used for one-time processing of any part, but they require auxiliary equipment.

Milling cutters for the manufacture of lining for a manual milling cutter may have ratio of diameter (D) to radius (R) panel groove: 9.5-4.8 mm, 12.7-6.35 mm, 15.8-7.9 mm and 199.5 mm. The shank diameter will remain 8 mm. For lining, such cutters can be used, but inconvenient.

Such a cutter for lining, as in the photo above, can be used both with a manual milling machine and with a milling machine that is equipped with collets. The diameter of the cutters in this case 50 mm and 35 mm- according to the shank diameter 8 mm.

Such a cutter for the manufacture of lining will allow you to make panels with any type of sheet pile. The most important thing is to correctly set up the machine and select the dimensions of the cutters in terms of depth and diameter.

Production of lining

To make a lining with your own hands, you need to make even jointed blanks from unedged boards. First of all, make a cut along one side, and then determine the width of the future panel.

To determine the width, pay attention to all the boards you have so that the panels are the same. Of course, there are no strict instructions with instructions here, but the most optimal board size will be from 7 to 10 cm.

When planing boards, be very careful, because most of the injuries carpenters get during this process. Of course, they won’t cut off a hand or a finger here, but the wounds bleed very much and heal for a long time, although at the first moment you don’t even feel pain. To make the thickness of all the boards the same - count the number of passes along the cutter - of course, you will not achieve millimeter accuracy, but no one will notice the difference.

Advice. For processing, it is better to choose boards no more than 2m long, since longer ones are difficult to hold and the dimensions are inaccurate. Also, shorter boards will be easier to process with a hand router.

When cutting down a wane, sometimes quite a lot of wood is left and it should not be thrown away. From this waste, you can saw thin rails for connection, and make a lining with grooves on both sides.

When the board is cut and jointed, you just have to make a tongue and groove, that is, groove it around the perimeter. Install the cutter on the machine and, lowering or raising the table, adjust the depth of the groove. Move the ruler to the desired distance and make sure that during processing the board is always firmly pressed against its edge.

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Do-it-yourself wooden lining - 3 ways to make it yourself

Wooden lining is a sought-after finishing material with the only drawback: it is expensive. However, the high price is not yet a reason to refuse to use wooden lining, because if you wish, you can make the material for finishing the house yourself. I will tell you how do-it-yourself lining is made on affordable woodworking equipment.

What you need to know about the material

Lining is a solid wood board designed for cladding various building objects from the outside and for finishing the room from the inside.

Illustrations	Varieties according to the method of fastening
	Milled board with tenon-groove connection. This is the most common type of material. On one side of the bar there is a milled groove - a longitudinal recess, and on the other side there is a spike. During installation, the spike slides into the groove, and the mounting brackets also enter there. As a result, the lining is obtained with minimal gaps.
	Tenon-groove connection (where the tenon is a separate element). In the manufacture of such a lining, a quarter is selected from the boards on both sides. Adjacent boards in the cladding are connected by a separate spike - a rail, which is inserted into the grooves. Such a profile of the slats is typical for lining made in a handicraft way.
	Edged board for laying with an overlap (American). In fact, this is a simple board, processed with a circular saw and passed through a jointer. The board is attached to the crate over the mineral wool with nails. Nails are driven into the top of the board, and the next plank is installed on top of it. As a result, the cross section of the finish looks like a herringbone. A significant advantage of such lining is its low cost due to ease of processing.

Illustrations	Varieties by profile type (relevant for milled modifications)
	Standard. The cross section is made in the form of a trapezoid. The angle of the edges of the trapezoid is 30-40 degrees. A distinctive characteristic is the small depth of the groove.
	Europrofile. The profile "evrovonka" differs in accurate processing, the increased size of a spike and wide ventilating borders from the wrong side.
	Calm. This is the same profile as the "standard", but the edges are not beveled, but rounded.
	Block house. The board has a rounded surface that imitates a log. This is the most expensive profile of all the previously listed options.

How lining is done in production

Illustrations	Stages of industrial production
	Cutting logs into boards. The wood is sorted according to the degree of curvature of the logs. The least crooked logs with a minimum amount of rejects are fed to the sawmill, where they are cut lengthwise.
	Drying. Lumber is dried. There are several drying methods, including autoclaving and infrared processing. Regardless of the method of drying the wood, the final moisture content of the lumber should be 12%. At the same stage, the blanks can be treated with antiseptic impregnations.
	Profiling and trimming. At this stage, the lumber is driven through the machine for the manufacture of lining, which combines the function of a router and jointer. As a result, the board acquires the necessary profile. Also, the board is cut to length according to the standard.
	Sorting. Finished lumber is sorted by class and type, and then packed.

Selection of production materials

In addition to wooden lining, plastic and MDF panels are on sale. Given the specifics of production processes, the only material that can be processed at home is wood.

The following requirements are imposed on the wood from which the lining is made:

Humidity within 12-18%. In production, lumber is dried before final processing. This is done so that during operation the finished lining does not dry out and crack;
The absence of defects that will lead to damage to the wood. The presence of pigment spots on wood indicates the beginning of putrefactive processes that can adversely affect the operational life of the lining;
high density. The denser the wood, the more resistant to mechanical damage and decay will be the finished lining.

Which tree species meets the listed requirements? Given the attractive cost, it is preferable to use coniferous wood for the manufacture of lining. If the cladding board is made for rooms with high humidity, then the best option is to use aspen lumber.

Equipment for production in a home workshop

The choice of production tool depends on what exactly you decide to do. If you plan to make a board for overlapping, a circular saw and jointer will suffice. The same equipment is enough if you decide to make not grooves and spikes on the boards, but steps cut in half a tree, as shown in the photo.

If you plan to make a lining with a tenon-groove connection, in addition to a circular saw and a jointer, you will need a milling table with a cutter matched to the thickness of the longitudinal groove. To select a groove on a standard lining with a thickness of 20 mm, we select the thickness of the groove cutter 10 mm.

Is it possible to make a lining profile with a manual milling cutter? Theoretically, this is possible, but working with a router in your hands is more difficult than doing the same work on a milling machine.

Method 1: production of lining on a band sawmill

This method is traditional for the USA and Canada, where people who have the opportunity to buy cheap wood use a band saw to cut logs into timber, and the timber, in turn, is sawn into boards with a beveled or rectangular profile.

This profile allows you to make wall cladding more accurate. Nevertheless, the task in the manufacture of lining can be simplified and the profile of the board can be made an ordinary rectangular one.

This technology does not imply mandatory grinding, since already in this form the board can be stuffed over the mounting frame. However, if a neater front of the house is needed, the finished planks can be passed through a jointer and made smooth.

Method 2: production of lining using a circular saw

At the initial stage, blanks with a cross section of 202 × 22 mm are cut from a bar or from an already finished edged board. A margin of 2 mm is left in order to drive the workpieces through the jointer and get boards with a section of 200 × 20 mm. Since the manufacture of the finishing material is done by hand, select the length of the blanks at your discretion.

During the manufacturing process, the workpieces are passed with their longitudinal side through the sawmill, so that at each end a step is obtained half the thickness of the workpiece. The protrusions on one side and the other are mirrored, that is, on one side - at the top, and on the other - at the bottom.

The installation of such planks is carried out so that the board located on top, with a step, enters the board located below. As a result, moisture will not get behind the wood paneling.

Method 3: production of lining using a milling table

To make a lining on a milling table, you will need a planed board prepared in advance on a circular saw and jointer. All the following operations are performed on a milling table with the possibility of rigid fixation of the cutting tool and workpiece.

Illustrations	Step-by-step instruction
	Workpiece pressure adjustment. At this stage, adjustment is made in the horizontal plane. The workpiece moves close to the limiter and is fixed by clamps on the reverse side.
	Installing and adjusting the cutter. The cutter is height adjustable on the spindle. The installation height for the first and second cutters must be the same. Adjustment errors will make the lining unusable.
	Workpiece processing. The workpiece is driven along the cutting tool of the milling machine, first with one side to form a groove, and then with the other side with a preliminary replacement of the cutter to form a tenon.

Summing up

It is not difficult to make a lining for lining your house, the main thing is to have the necessary tools and follow the instructions provided. If you have any questions when making your own lining, ask them in the comments to the article.

May 14, 2018

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