Who should clean the ventilation in an apartment building. Who is responsible for the ventilation in an apartment building Who maintains the ventilation ducts in the apartment

The work of ventilation and hoods is imperceptible, but it is one of the main systems in an apartment building and ensures comfortable living in an apartment. Without proper functioning, unpleasant odors from the entrance, toilet and kitchen will appear in the premises.

In addition, the lack of ventilation leads to the formation of mold and fungus on the walls and ceiling. Let's look at how the hood works in the kitchen, bathroom or toilet. And we will know what to do in this case.

How to check the operation of the hood

If windows fog up in the room and extraneous odors remain for a long time, on the walls or ceiling, most likely, there were problems in the functioning of ventilation.

Let's look at how to check if the hood is working. To do this, take a small piece of paper. A toilet paper will do, but it is better not to use an ordinary newspaper, since a thin sheet is used for such purposes.

Open the window in one room by 5-8 centimeters and attach the sheet to the hood grate. If the paper is pulled, the extractor is working. If the leaf does not hold and falls, the ventilation has stopped working. In addition, paper may fly off the grate.

This means that the hood works in the opposite direction, and extraneous odors enter the apartment. Let's find out why it works incorrectly or poorly or stopped working altogether. And we will find out what to do if the hood does not work in the kitchen, in the bathroom or in the toilet.

Why is the extractor not working?

• Clogged ventilation is the most obvious and common cause of the problem. In this case, you need to unscrew the grate and remove the debris that is there. If it is located within reach, you can remove the waste yourself. However, most often it is construction waste that is located deep in the ventilation holes. Then only a specialist can clean the ventilation;
• Neighbors above your apartment use forced exhaust ventilation, which creates overpressure and backdraft. As a result, your hood works in the opposite direction;
• Neighbors in the course of incorrect actions during the repair or installation of equipment can block the ventilation;
• Initially improperly installed ventilation network in the house;
• New ones with high tightness block the air flow into the room, which is necessary for the normal operation of ventilation. In this case, you need to slightly open the window and leave a small gap, or use “volley” ventilation, when all windows are fully opened for a short period of time and the apartment is ventilated;
• The lack of heating leads to poor or insufficient ventilation, since the latter functions due to the height of the air column, pressure and temperature differences. As a result, a decrease in the temperature in the apartment negatively affects the operation of the hood.

Where to go if the hood does not work

First of all, the question arises of where to turn when the hood in the apartment does not work. Regardless of the reason, you need to contact the organization that controls this apartment building and is responsible for providing utilities. This is a housing office, a management company or an HOA.

You need to write a statement about idle or poorly functioning ventilation in the apartment. Here they describe the essence of the problem, ask to understand, resolve the issue and punish the perpetrators.

After accepting the appeal, an expert comes to the apartment, checks the operation of the ventilation and draws up an act in the presence of two neighbors, and in the near future the employees of the managing organization or the HOA should fix the problem.

Employees of the public service after the check must make decisions. Violations are eliminated within 45 days from the date of issuance of this decision. If it's a blockage, utilities should clean the ventilation passages.

If neighbors became the cause of non-working ventilation, they must eliminate errors in the installation of engineering networks. With the design features of the house, a household exhaust fan is installed.

If the managing organization does not respond to the application, you can complain to a higher authority. Write a complaint to the State Housing Inspectorate, Rospotrebnadzor or the Prosecutor's Office. You can send an application to three bodies at once.

Evidence must be attached to the complaint. This is an act on checking the operation of ventilation, a copy of the contract with the management company and directly the application that you sent to the organization. Therefore, when filing a complaint with the company, HOA or Housing Office, be sure to make a copy.

In addition, the response of the organization and the decision, if these documents are available, are attached to the complaint. You can attach photos and videos of a non-working hood, mold or fungus.

Other ways to fix the problem

In order for the hood in the bathroom, in the toilet or in the kitchen to effectively cope with the task, forced ventilation can be installed. Such a system works passively by switching on. In the toilet, as a rule, the inclusion occurs simultaneously with the inclusion of the light. However, you can make a separate switch for the hood.

In the kitchen, ventilation is installed above the stove in the form of a bell. Such a system eliminates unpleasant odors and smoke. In addition, it reduces the accumulation of grease on walls, furniture, ceilings and other surfaces. How to wash the kitchen from fat, read.

In order to keep fresh air in the apartment, supply valves are installed. To do this, make additional holes in the wall between the battery and the window. Such openings act like cracks in windows and provide regular access to fresh air from the street.

The valves are placed at an angle to the wall and closed with a grate; a soundproof box is installed inside. At the same time, they are more effective and less noticeable than the cracks of an ajar window.

For the installation of supply valves, it is important that the holes in the wall correspond to the diameter of the duct. A suitable diameter will be 6-10 centimeters.

What is ventilation?

Until the 19th century, fresh air entered the houses through windows and doors. Fortunately, two centuries ago there were no high-rise buildings. But as soon as they began to appear, people thought about creating an air exchange system inside and outside the premises.

The normative definition of the term "ventilation" is given in SNiP 41-01-2003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning", adopted by the Decree of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation No. 115 of 06/26/2003. heat, moisture, harmful and other substances, in order to ensure acceptable meteorological conditions and air purity in the serviced or working area.

Simply put, ventilation is the process of bringing outside air into an apartment, ventilating its premises and removing “exhaust” polluted air. In addition, ventilation is now called devices and equipment designed to provide controlled air exchange.

How do ventilation systems work?

SNiP 31-01-2003 "Residential multi-apartment buildings" states: "The ventilation system must maintain the purity (quality) of air in the premises and the uniformity of its distribution." It is noted that ventilation can be of three types:

• with natural inflow and removal of air;
• with mechanical induction of air inflow and removal;
• combined with natural air supply and removal with partial use of mechanical stimulation.

In multi-apartment residential buildings, as a rule, a supply and exhaust ventilation system functions.

More fully and in detail, ventilation systems are described in the Reference Manual "Heating and ventilation of residential buildings", developed for SNiP 2.08.01-89 (replaced by SNiP 31-01-2003).

Hello.

Look first of all at the terms of the management contract.

Housing Code of the Russian Federation, Article 162. Contract for the management of an apartment building

1. An agreement on the management of an apartment building is concluded with a management organization that has been granted a license to carry out activities for the management of apartment buildings in accordance with the requirements of this Code, in writing or in electronic form using the system by drawing up one document signed by the parties. When a management organization is chosen by a general meeting of owners of premises in an apartment building, a management agreement is concluded with each owner of premises in such a house on the terms specified in the decision of this general meeting. At the same time, the owners of the premises in this house, having more than fifty percent of the votes of the total number of votes of the owners of the premises in this house, act as one party to the contract being concluded.

(as amended by Federal Laws No. 123-FZ of 04.06.2011, No. 263-FZ of 21.07.2014, No. 255-FZ of 21.07.2014)

1.1. In the case provided for by Part 13 of Article 161 of this Code, with each person who has accepted from the developer (the person providing the construction of an apartment building) after the issuance of a permit to put the apartment building into operation, the premises in this house according to the deed of transfer or other document on the transfer, apartment building management contract. At the same time, such persons act as one party to the concluded agreement if they make up more than fifty percent of their total number.

(Part 1.1 was introduced by Federal Law No. 38-FZ of April 5, 2013)

2. Under an apartment building management agreement, one party (management organization) on the instructions of the other party (owners of premises in an apartment building, management bodies of a homeowners association, management bodies of a housing cooperative or management bodies of another specialized consumer cooperative, a person specified in clause 6 of part 2 article 153 of this Code, or in the case provided for by part 14 of article 161 of this Code, the developer) within the agreed period for a fee undertakes to perform work and (or) provide services for the management of an apartment building, provide services and perform work on the proper maintenance and repair of the common property in such a house, provide utility services to the owners of premises in such a house and persons using premises in this house, carry out other activities aimed at achieving the goals of managing an apartment building.

(as amended by Federal Laws No. 123-FZ of 04.06.2011, No. 38-FZ of 05.04.2013, No. 255-FZ of 21.07.2014)

(see text in previous edition)

2.1. An apartment building management agreement concluded in the manner prescribed by this article must be placed by the managing organization in the system in the manner established by the federal executive body responsible for the development and implementation of state policy and legal regulation in the field of information technology, together with the federal an executive authority that performs the functions of developing and implementing state policy and legal regulation in the field of housing and communal services.

(Part 2.1 was introduced by Federal Law No. 263-FZ of July 21, 2014)

3. In the contract for the management of an apartment building, the following must be indicated:

1) the composition of the common property of the apartment building, in respect of which management will be carried out, and the address of such a house;

2) a list of works and (or) services for the management of an apartment building, services and work for the maintenance and repair of common property in an apartment building, the procedure for changing such a list, as well as a list of utilities provided by the managing organization;

(as amended by Federal Law No. 255-FZ of July 21, 2014)

(see text in previous edition)

3) the procedure for determining the price of the contract, the amount of the fee for the maintenance and repair of the dwelling and the amount of the fee for utility services, as well as the procedure for making such a fee;

4) the procedure for exercising control over the fulfillment by the managing organization of its obligations under the management agreement.

4. The terms of the contract for the management of an apartment building shall be the same for all owners of premises in an apartment building.

5. An apartment building management agreement is concluded:

1) in the case specified in paragraph 1 of this article, for a period of at least one year, but not more than five years;

2) in the cases specified in parts 4 and 13 of Article 161 of this Code, for a period of not less than one year, but not more than three years;

3) in the case specified in paragraph 14 of Article 161 of this Code, for a period not exceeding three months.

(Part 5 as amended by Federal Law No. 38-FZ of April 5, 2013)

(see text in previous edition)

6. In the absence of a statement by one of the parties on the termination of the contract for managing an apartment building at the end of its validity period, such an contract is considered extended for the same period and on the same conditions that were provided for by such an agreement.

7. Unless otherwise established by the contract for the management of an apartment building, the managing organization is obliged to begin the implementation of such an contract no later than thirty days from the date of its signing.

8. Change and (or) termination of the contract for the management of an apartment building are carried out in the manner prescribed by civil law.

8.1. The owners of premises in an apartment building unilaterally have the right to refuse to execute an agreement on the management of an apartment building concluded as a result of an open tender, provided for in parts 4 and 13 of Article 161 of this Code, after each subsequent year from the date of conclusion of the said agreement, if before the expiration of the term the validity of such an agreement, the general meeting of owners of premises in an apartment building decided to choose or change the method of managing this house.

(Part eight.1 was introduced by Federal Law No. 251-FZ of December 29, 2006, as amended by Federal Law No. 123-FZ of June 4, 2011)

(see text in previous edition)

8.2. The owners of premises in an apartment building, on the basis of a decision of the general meeting of owners of premises in an apartment building, unilaterally have the right to refuse to execute the contract for managing the apartment building if the managing organization does not comply with the terms of such an agreement, and decide to choose another managing organization or to change the method of managing data home.

(Part eight.2 was introduced by Federal Law No. 251-FZ of December 29, 2006, as amended by Federal Law No. 123-FZ of June 4, 2011)

(see text in previous edition)

9. The management of an apartment building owned by a housing cooperative or in which an association of homeowners has been established is carried out taking into account the provisions of Sections V and VI of this Code.

10. The managing organization, thirty days before the termination of the contract for managing an apartment building, is obliged to transfer the technical documentation for the apartment building and other documents related to the management of such a house to a newly selected management organization, a homeowners association or a housing cooperative or other specialized consumer cooperative, or in the case of direct management of such by the owners of the premises in such a house to one of these owners specified in the decision of the general meeting of these owners on the choice of the method of managing such a house, or, if such an owner is not indicated, to any owner of the premises in such a house.

11. Unless otherwise provided by the apartment building management agreement, the managing organization annually during the first quarter of the current year submits to the owners of premises in the apartment building a report on the implementation of the management agreement for the previous year, and also places the specified report in the system.

In apartment buildings, especially in Khrushchev, the ventilation system is often clogged. This is indicated by the settling of steam on the surface of glass and furniture, as well as the appearance of foreign odors in the room. When this happens, it is urgent to clean the ventilation in an apartment building, because it does not perform its functions.

Who should clean the ventilation in an apartment building

If extraneous odors come from the ventilation, then it's time to clean it.

The ventilation system is a common property. Responsibility for its maintenance and safe operation lies with the management company, which is guided by the rules for checking and cleaning indoor ventilation ducts, prescribed in Government Decree No. 410.

In accordance with these rules, companies with special licenses are required to check and clean chimneys and ventilation. The control is carried out during the conversion, after repair or when a lack of traction is detected.

Scheduled inspections are carried out at intervals of three times during the year - before the start of the heating season, in the middle and at the end of it. At the same time, a special log of technical inspection and repair of ventilation systems is kept.

The performance of the ventilation system is checked by technicians using special equipment. Channels are cleaned with a pneumatic brush machine. At the same time, they are disinfected.

How to clean the ventilation in the apartment

You can clean the ventilation walls inside with a special brush

Often, management companies ignore existing rules and do not monitor the performance of the ventilation system for years. For this reason, residents of apartment buildings are often themselves involved in the diagnosis and cleaning of exhaust ducts.

You can clean the ventilation in the apartment yourself only if it is slightly clogged. To remove dirt that has accumulated for decades, it is better to invite qualified specialists.

To carry out self-cleaning you need:

1. Remove the protective grill and clean from dust and dirt, rinse thoroughly under running water.
2. Use a brush to clean the ventilation walls.
3. Collect garbage with a vacuum cleaner.

If self-cleaning of the ventilation duct did not lead to the desired result and the draft did not improve, this means that the common shaft is clogged. It should be cleaned by a special service. You can call a specialist through the management company.

How to clean the hood in the bathroom

To clean the hood in the bathroom, it must be removed

The low efficiency of air exchange in the bathroom is indicated by the settling of steam on all surfaces. This creates water droplets. There may also be an unpleasant smell that enters the bathroom from the ventilation when the air flow changes its direction. If the ventilation system is not working properly, you need to clean the hood in the bathroom.

When severe contamination of the canal is detected, it is necessary to call specialists, because it is problematic to cope with pollution on your own.

Before you remove the hood in the bathroom for cleaning, be sure to protect the wall under the vent with paper, old wallpaper or film. This will keep it from getting dirty.

The panels masking the exhaust ducts must be dismantled, providing direct access to them.

If a forced exhaust fan is installed inside the channel, it must also be removed and the blades thoroughly cleaned of dirt, and then rinsed under running warm water. Remove small debris and dust accumulated inside the air duct with a vacuum cleaner.

After cleaning is complete, put everything back in its place.

Check for traction. If it is missing, you should contact the management company by writing a written statement about the need to clean the ventilation system of the entire house.

Timely cleaning in ventilation systems ensures the correct movement of air in the apartment. Forced ventilation reduces the frequency of cleanings, but does not completely cancel them.

Means for cleaning ventilation

Any dishwashing detergent will help to qualitatively clean the ventilation system, protective grilles and channels. The grease layer will dissolve better if you use thick cleaners for cleaning kitchen hoods.

In this case, you need to disassemble the air duct, which will allow you to better clean the channel from contamination. At the same time, problem areas need to be treated with hydrogen peroxide - this will kill pathogenic microorganisms living inside the exhaust system.

Cleaning an extensive ventilation system will require the use of chemicals and special equipment.

Folk remedies

If the ventilation grille does not have a strong greasy coating, it will not be difficult to wash it using a regular dish detergent.

In case of significant contamination, a soda solution can be used. To prepare it, collect 3 liters of water in a saucepan and add half a glass of soda. Place the grate in the resulting solution and boil for several minutes.

Ammonia will help get rid of old contaminants. In 3.5 liters of hot water, add half a glass of alcohol. The procedure is carried out only in a mask or respirator and a window open for ventilation. This will prevent burns of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and larynx with ammonia. Soak the dirty grate in the resulting product for 60-90 minutes, then rinse it under running water.

Acetic acid will also help clean grease from the ventilation grill. When working with it, you should open the window, because the acid has a pungent odor. Soak a sponge in vinegar and rub the grate, leave for 10 minutes, then rinse under running water.

Equipment

Ventilation is cleaned with a special brush on a steel cable

Efficiency is ensured by special equipment for cleaning ventilation ducts. It is divided into household and professional.

Household equipment for cleaning exhaust ducts includes various brushes, filter-ventilation units and replaceable filters.

When professionally solving problems associated with impaired ventilation functions, a thorough inspection and study of the degree of contamination of the system using special devices is used. This helps to identify the most problematic areas.

The professional equipment includes a video camera mounted on a small moving platform. It helps to see the internal state of the exhaust duct and assess the degree of contamination.

Prevention of pollution of ventilation in an apartment building

Preventive inspections of ventilation are carried out once every 3 months, that is, quarterly. At the same time, all fasteners, bending elements, and the integrity of the engine insulation are visually inspected.

The inspection is carried out in the following order:

1. Moving parts are checked for extraneous noise, especially bearings, and overheating of more than 700 C.
2. Checking the belts. The tension force and the correct location are evaluated.
3. Electrical wiring is subject to control, and with it, wired connections.
4. The heaters of the ventilation system are carefully checked to identify faults and remove air from the circuit.
   
5. Air filters are inspected and replaced.
6. The condition of the dampers is checked, if necessary, they are repaired and cleaned of dust.
7. The degree of wear of electrical mechanisms is assessed, they are repaired or replaced, depending on the condition.

During seasonal maintenance of supply and exhaust systems, they are inspected once every 6 months.

If preventive maintenance is carried out in a timely manner, ventilation problems will appear much less frequently.