Description of vacuum presses for veneering MDF and facades. How to choose a vacuum press for mdf facades Vacuum machine for facades

Vacuum presses are used most often in furniture industries, as well as other types of enterprises that produce products consisting of wood-based panels. Sometimes such devices are also used to give relief to materials, as well as to form products.

How the equipment works

The vacuum press for facades has the following components:

a frame that is load-bearing and has a collapsible type
desktop, which is also a carrier. A special clamping frame is installed on the table
vacuum pneumatic working system. Without it, it is impossible to implement the entire technological process.
retractable carriage. It is equipped with electric type heating devices. The vacuum press works with the help of automatic control, therefore, the performance of work on this equipment does not require the involvement of manual labor. A few operators involved in the maintenance and start-up of the plant are quite sufficient.

Kinds

Today there are several modifications of vacuum presses. They differ in automation and the number of additional options present on a particular device.

The press can be:

auto. In such a press, all work is performed without the participation of an operator in
semi-automatic. In such devices, opening the installation door, pressing the buttons to start it up, then turning off and removing the workpiece is carried out by the operator himself. The operator must also monitor the process of the installation
membrane. In such a press, the surface is pasted over with a film or veneer. To do this, a material is placed in a heat-resistant membrane, on which glue is preliminarily applied. Then the membrane warms up, and the vacuum pump pumps air out of the membrane. As a result, negative pressure is formed in it. Under such conditions, the film or veneer is firmly adhered to the material.
membraneless. Such a press is used for gluing thicker coatings. For thin films, this option is not suitable.

Today, the membrane-vacuum press is used more and more often, in comparison with the equipment of the old model. Such popularity is due to the fact that much less time is spent on processing the material using a vacuum press, but the quality of the finished product does not decrease, but rather increases.

Also presses can be: Types of vacuum pressing equipment:

vacuum sublimation press
3d vacuum sublimation press
press vacuum drying chamber.

Vacuum presses are characterized by a high level of productivity. The equipment has a rather high cost due to the fact that workpieces of large dimensions are processed on it.

3d vacuum sublimation presses are versatile electro-mechanical devices. They are needed in order to create souvenir products. They apply images to objects of regular and irregular shapes. Such equipment is most in demand when applying different images to ceramic, fabric, and other products. Modern production uses such presses to decorate decorative stones, patterns on the protective covers of cell phones, on crystals, puzzles.

In a vacuum sublimation press, an image is transferred from one medium to another. For this purpose, high pressure and elevated temperatures are used. The operation requires preliminary preparation of the pattern on a special surface and its fixing. After that, the temperature rises, and the air is pumped out. The products are of fairly high quality.

The marketable appearance of a product created using a vacuum press is distinguished by a longer period of operation. Another advantage of such devices is the fact that the resulting surface does not need further refinement. You can immediately assemble products.

Vacuum press operation

The vacuum press for MDF has a fairly simple principle of operation. First, the workpiece with glue applied to it is placed on the surface of the table. Next, a membrane for a vacuum press is placed on it. And in the closed position, the operation of the vacuum pump and the heating system begins. There is a simultaneous heating of the object to the required temperature and the creation of a vacuum.

Silicone membrane for vacuum presses is used when it is necessary to guarantee a tight fit of the film. The pump for the vacuum process is able to form a vacuum of different depths, it all depends on the properties of the material. In addition, it is necessary that the membrane is suitable for a vacuum press. It is worth purchasing along with the unit.

Types of membranes

Vacuum press membranes can be:

silicone
rubber.

Silicone membranes have a long service life. They can also be used in bag sealing machines for cold and hot pressing.

Rolled silicone membrane sheet is used as a membrane sheet in hot and cold membrane-vacuum and membrane presses for applying veneer to furniture facades, door panels and other shaped panels, creating bent-glued furniture products.

The membrane is made of an elastic silicone film or heat-resistant rubber. The rubber membrane has the ability to stretch up to 700%. The membrane is needed in presses, both for finishing with natural veneer, and when working with workpieces that have a complex profile (for example, if the film needs to be brought to the back of the facade) or high-gloss films. The last films must never touch the upper heating plate of the press. The membrane is also used when the dimensions of the film are smaller than the dimensions of the loading table or when the film thickness exceeds the standard 0.3-0.6 mm.

In most presses, the membrane is installed on a special frame with a hermetic seal along the upper and lower perimeters. Such a frame can be easily dismantled, thereby making a single-chamber press from a two-chamber press, and a two-chamber press from a three-chamber press. Thus, the operator can not only control the lining process more precisely, but also change the pressing mode, which is more suitable for the company's technology.

The tasks that the membrane performs:

more evenly heats the film, in comparison with just hot air
acts as a frame
prevents film breaks
does not allow air to enter under the membrane, which significantly reduces the amount of defects in production
evenly transfers heat to end surfaces of a product.

The film shrinking procedure consists of the following steps:

laying the workpiece on the table
sealing
film heating
air extraction
cooling
cutting blanks and removing excess film from the facade.

The operator can press the membrane against the heating film before it touches the workpiece. As a result, the formation of air bubbles between the membrane and the film is excluded. After pressing, the pressure in the upper and middle chambers stabilizes.

At the same time, the air that enters the middle chamber separates the film from the membrane, and the finishing process becomes more like a membraneless method. The only difference is that the film is evenly heated. At the end of the press cycle, cool air enters the lower pressurized chamber to cool the workpiece slightly. This helps to prevent the film from peeling off the part during removal from the press, while the part is still warm.

The membrane is a consumable. If you follow all the rules of operation correctly, then it will last approximately 3000 working cycles. The average period of its operation is no more than two months.

Before you start creating a vacuum press with your own hands, remember that 5 years after assembly, the device needs to be upgraded or made new. If you correctly plan the purchase of components and do all the work correctly, then the cost of the press will turn out to be significantly lower than the factory device.

The first step is to create a good frame, since it is the support of the entire device. However, before that, select the optimal type of heating unit, because this will affect not only the design of the frame, but also all other components of the press. A retractable thermal module is best suited for this. It is easy to assemble, convenient to use, but it has quite impressive parameters.

To create a bed you will need:

profiled steel pipe
rails for thermomodule.

If you are good with a computer, then the design of the bed is best modeled using special 3D modeling programs.

Tools that may be needed for the job:

small single-handed angle grinder with a disc diameter of 115 or 125 mm welding device
electric drill
locksmith set
including hammer
spanners
pencil
roulette.

When everything is assembled, you can get to work. First you need to cut the steel profile into parts strictly according to the cutting map. Lay them on a flat surface according to the project, align and fix with clamps. Next, start welding the parts. Welding seams must be cleaned with a grinder with a grinding wheel. After that, you can drill all the necessary holes, prime the part and paint it.

The table assembly procedure is perhaps the most important event. During design, you will determine its dimensions and material. Be sure to consider a method of fixing and sealing the connector elements in order to maintain an internal vacuum. The vacuum table is a design that consists of:

baths
pressure frame
clamps.

The dimensions of the vacuum bath affect the number of workpieces placed in it. Experts advise making a bath about 2.5 meters long. The width should be chosen depending on the width of the PVC film used. Most often, the width is 1.4 m. And the height of the bath is provided taking into account the small space between the upper part of the facade and the film with which it will be covered. The bottom of the bath can be a steel sheet, the thickness of which is 2 mm, and the frame can be made from a profile pipe.

It is also possible to create a clamping frame and clamps from a profile pipe, its dimensions must completely match the dimensions of the bath. To keep the pressure frame up, 4 gas lifts must be installed and ensure that they can hold it. Clamps guarantee a secure and tight hold of the film during pressing. The upper frame must be firmly and evenly pressed against the perimeter of the tub. In fact, the clamps are eccentrics. They can be created from steel rolled metal. They need to be mounted in 8 pre-drilled holes in the vacuum table.

In the event that the table does not have a perfectly flat surface, it can be leveled with special epoxy compounds.

The vacuum system is responsible for removing and pumping out air so that the film easily fits the surface of the workpieces. When installing the system, pay attention to the following points:

Purchase all components in retail so that they can be easily replaced
it must guarantee the speed of air pumping and the depth of vacuum so that they are enough to create typical flat facades and overlays
the air removal system should not harm the environment
controlling and managing bodies should be simple and give signals about the current pressure, smoothly adjust the speed of air pumping out.

The thermal module is a heating device that allows you to evenly heat the film to the desired temperature and hold it for a certain time. The frame for it is made of a steel pipe with a cross section of 20 by 20 mm. To the frame, it is necessary to weld the cases of profiled wheel supports and L-shaped handles for movement along the rails of the module. Ball bearings can be used as wheels. After that, the frame must be sheathed with sheet steel and reinforced with aluminum blind rivets. On the side part in the casing, it is necessary to make rectangular openings for viewing windows and mount silicate glasses, darkening them in advance with a tinting film.

To improve the reflectivity, inside the thermal module must be equipped with aluminum foil. The next step is to install the heating elements. Linear lamps KGT (quartz halogen thermal) are excellent for this purpose. They need to be connected according to the electrical circuit. This scheme must take into account the requirements in terms of three-phase load symmetry and the possibility of zonal control of groups of lamps.

As you can see, the procedure for self-manufacturing a vacuum press is not so complicated. Remember that it is very important to use personal protective equipment, because working with such a device can become dangerous if safety rules are not followed.

A vacuum press is a unit with a huge number of functions, each of which plays an important role in the system. Such installations are now actively used in a huge number of large enterprises that simply cannot function without such systems. If we talk about the industry where the vacuum press has become a key element, then this is furniture production, which at the moment can no longer do without the work of a vacuum press.

Navigation:

vacuum press- this is an element that is engaged in the creation of certain figures from a tree, enabling further processing of the tree within the system. If you believe the feedback from users from the network, then it is not difficult to guess that such installations are very productive and useful, as they are capable of performing a number of important functions that not every unit can handle.

At first glance, such installations seem rather unusual in their external design, but if we take into account the fact that each of the elements performs certain functions, and there is simply nothing superfluous in the system, then it seems that the unusual design of the device is only to its benefit. . To begin with, we will consider what a vacuum press consists of in order to understand how complicated this unit is in terms of operation:

Desktop- This is an additional element of the system, which includes several small devices that only provide certain advantages during the operation of the unit.
Carriage- This is an element that constantly interacts with other parts of the device, which subsequently makes it possible to achieve the highest performance in terms of performance
Pneumatic vacuum system- This is one of the main elements in the system, which takes responsibility for performing tasks of varying complexity. This element does a good job of distributing pressure, redirecting air flows, and similar tasks that play a big role in the formation of a vacuum.

These are just the most obvious elements that can be seen with the naked eye. In fact, such units consist of a huge number of similar elements that somehow affect the operation of the mechanism. The vacuum press is also divided into two categories according to the principle of operation:

Auto
semi-automatic

Automatic working principle is a hollow automation system that does not require any person in the workflow.

Semi-automatic working principle- this is almost the same system, only at certain points it requires loading or unloading materials. That is why it was called semi-automatic.

If we talk about which of these options is better, then it is necessary to take into account a huge number of points. In fact, both options are interesting in their own way, because of which, you first need to decide on the purpose of buying such a unit, and after that draw some conclusions.

Membrane vacuum press

A membrane-vacuum press is a device that has far from the smallest dimensions and is most often used precisely in furniture enterprises, where at the moment one simply cannot do without a high-quality and reliable vacuum press. The modern vacuum technology market is already overflowing with a wide variety of diaphragm vacuum pumps, which have not only different characteristics, but also different configurations.

If you look at the cardinal differences between membrane vacuum pumps and other devices of this series, then, in fact, they do not exist. The principle of operation of such devices is very similar and the only obvious difference is the potential of membrane-vacuum pumps, which can soon reach a completely new level. Now we will consider the most optimal version of the membrane-vacuum press, which can be used in any direction:

Membrane vacuum press VPR-3000- for a relatively small amount, the buyer receives a really high-quality and productive unit, the characteristics of which are at a high level. Now such installations occupy a leading position in sales, and there is nothing surprising in this. Perhaps in the near future this indicator will become even higher, because the model is only getting better, which means that the demand of buyers is also increasing significantly.

Vacuum press for MDF

Vacuum press for MDF- This is a category of equipment that is most often used when facing kitchen or furniture facades. No less qualitative indicators, such installations are also issued when facing doors with various films. The passed processing process in such an installation makes it possible for the material to work in a further direction. And all because without pre-treatment in this unit, the material will not be so resistant, because of which the quality result of the work simply will not work.

The situation is no worse in the facing of various materials with a high-gloss film, which makes it possible to obtain all possible quality guarantees. Any material that has been treated with a high gloss film becomes protected from all sorts of environmental influences that can adversely affect the appearance of the material. Heating of such overall equipment occurs during the interaction of heating elements located on the upper part of the press. It is they that make it possible to achieve such high temperatures, which are subsequently redirected to the material being processed.

Vacuum presses for facades

Facing the facade is not at all a simple task, as it might seem at first glance. In order for the work to be of high quality and durable, it is necessary to make a huge amount of effort, without which it will be simply impossible to achieve a good result. It is good that at this stage there is a huge amount of different equipment that can be very useful in such processes.

The facade vacuum press is just one of the many vacuum equipments available. By the way, this unit is currently more than in demand, and many enterprises are ready to pay a lot of money for it, just to get it to their enterprise. The high productivity of such a press directly depends on the frequency at which all elements of the system will operate. Only with the full interaction of all elements of the system, it is possible to achieve truly high performance indicators. At the moment, vacuum presses for facades are gaining more and more popularity and this is far from the limit. Most likely, in the near future this indicator will grow several times more, since the potential in these devices is simply enormous. Do not forget about the shortcomings that are present in absolutely any system. The main thing is to think carefully before buying such equipment for yourself. After weighing all the pros and cons, you can focus on a particular option that is right for you to solve certain problems.

Where to buy a vacuum pump

But characteristics and cost are far from all the criteria that you should pay attention to when buying a vacuum press. An equally important role is played by the brand itself, which provides you with its products. It is important to take into account the fact that by purchasing products from a well-known manufacturer, you can be sure that you have bought a truly high-quality unit that will serve you for many years.

That is why do not forget to take into account the fact of the brand, which will help you choose the most high-quality and productive unit. Now we will consider several well-known and, most importantly, reliable manufacturers who provide high-quality and productive products:

Becker- the company pays great attention to the quality of products, which is what attracts the attention of buyers.
Atlas Copco– One of the oldest companies, which currently occupies a leading position in the world.
Edwards– This is not a well-known company, but recently it has begun to gain more and more momentum, attracting buyers with a high level of quality and performance.

Vacuum presses are designed for lining furniture parts, kitchen fronts, doors and insert panels with PVC films and veneer. Suitable for molding composites with embossed surface.

The KAMI company sells equipment with delivery across Russia. On our website, membrane-vacuum units are available, which are distinguished by their performance and reliability. Thanks to these characteristics, the devices have gained wide popularity among professional furniture makers.

Features of the design of the membrane-vacuum press

The units have a simple but functional design, the main nodes of which are:

Working table for the processed material;
Vacuum pump;
Clamping frame;
Heating device - infrared or contact;
Press;
Membrane - allows you to work with materials that are permeable to air.

The operation of the plant is based on vacuum technology and a thermal system. Temperature exposure allows you to perform many tasks: from furniture cladding, the manufacture of curved glued products to cladding the surface of car interiors, sea and air transport with composite materials. Vacuum technology is in demand not only in furniture production, but also in other industrial sectors: machine, aircraft and shipbuilding.

Thanks to the vacuum principle of action, a tight fit of the film to the body of the product is achieved by sucking out air from under the facing material. Special substrates help to stick the film on the ends.

Vacuum press at a bargain price you will find in KAMI

The company supplies modern vacuum presses - all available models are posted on our website. You can order installations of domestic or foreign manufacturers online and use the consulting service of the company's manager. He will help you choose a device for your company, send you a price list and answer other questions you may have.

production costs and the speed of production of furniture according to the sketches of customers. The fact is that in the manufacture of furniture for individual orders, manufacturers are faced with the need to use rounded or non-flat elements such as details of cornices, various columns, gables, semi-columns, seats of chairs and chairs, drawers, table tops, oval tables, curved doors, panels, door architraves, stairs, curly details of the facade door frames, semicircular bar counters. Membrane press Orma CVM. It is precisely to facilitate work with such parts that a vacuum press is needed, consisting of a table on which the manufacturer places blanks, a heater that is used to heat the film, a vacuum system that provides uniform pressure by applying excess pressure or atmospheric pressure to the film, and membranes.

Membrane vacuum press is a machine for covering various surfaces of wood and lumber (for example: furniture fronts, countertops, doors) with films made of thermoplastics such as PP, PVC and ABS. In addition, such equipment makes it possible to veneer wood with synthetic and natural veneer and use thermal printing on ribbed and flat wood surfaces.

Most devices allow it to be used as membrane, vacuum and membrane-vacuum equipment. That is, you can remove the membrane from this equipment, which is mainly used for finishing with natural wood veneer, and veneer surfaces without it with thermoplastic films, which will significantly reduce costs when using the machine. As for the pump, it allows gluing surfaces of different levels of complexity without causing damage to the quality of the cladding.

In addition, the membrane press is very easy to operate, because. with the help of a special remote control, anyone can work on it.

Membrane vacuum press - working principle

As for the principle of operation of this equipment, it is not complicated - the worker must place prepared furniture blanks with pre-applied glue on its retractable surface, cover it with the film he needs and move it all to the machine. After that, the device can be closed (the process of heating to the optimal temperature of the film will take place in the closed equipment) and the film will cover the wood with the help of pressure and vacuum (to make the film fit more tightly, use a membrane).

Vacuum equipment can also be cold, and the main element of such a device will be a vacuum bag, on which the quality of pressing depends. That is why the bag must be made of a material characterized by high strength, elasticity, transparency and maintainability. Despite this, some craftsmen make bags from improvised means such as air mattresses, films for greenhouses, etc. to create several pressings of thin material. Professional bags are designed for frequent and repeated use, allow you to perform a fairly wide range of pressing work, can withstand long and heavy loads, sometimes withstand heat, and therefore are made of PVC (plasticized polyvinyl chloride) and polyurethane. That is why when choosing the equipment you need, you should take into account not only the dimensions of the workpiece and the method of lining, but also the quality of the bag.

In addition to membrane vacuum Persians, there are simply membrane presses used for one of the processes: laminating flat parts, laminating flat parts and facing complex-shaped parts. Lamination is the process of fusing the outer layer of a material under pressure with molten melamine or paper impregnated with melamine. Thanks to this process, a durable and durable coating is obtained. In the process of laminating, urea-formaldehyde glue, dry glue or PVA is applied to a special film (laminated paper, paper impregnated with formaldehyde resins, natural veneer). The cladding is carried out using compressed air and vacuum, and both membrane and non-membrane presses can be used for this process.

A vacuum press is an indispensable device in the manufacture of furniture and various industries where a person has to deal with MDF, chipboard, elements made of plastic, artificial stone, etc. Additionally, the press is able to give the surfaces of the material a certain relief, which allows you to get products that are original in shape and configuration .

The vacuum press consists of several main elements:

Frame. Often, this supporting structure is made in a collapsible type, which allows for repair, maintenance, disassembly for convenient transportation;
Desktop. It is also a supporting structure, which is completed with a special clamping frame;
vacuum system. This pneumatic system is the main element without which it is difficult to imagine a vacuum press as such;
Retractable carriage. There is a heating element that is powered by electricity;
Control automation. Press vacuum drying chambers, doors, carriage, the vacuum system itself operate by means of automatic control. The participation of the operator is minimal, which makes it possible to achieve a higher quality of artificial veneering, manufacturing elements for furniture facades, gluing plastic, chipboard, MDF, etc.

Kinds

The vacuum press is classified according to several main features. Let's start with the level of automation. Depending on this characteristic, devices for pressing wood, facades, plastic, artificial stone are divided into two types.

Automatic. Here, the presser of wood, artificial stone, plastic performs all operations independently, therefore the participation of the operator is practically not required.
Semi-automatic. These are more outdated models of wood pressers, since the operator must open the doors of the press chamber, press the buttons to start, turn off, remove the pressed elements from wood, plastic, MDF with his own hands. Their period is gradually coming to an end, since it is more efficient to work with devices where the mold works in an accelerated automatic mode.

Automatic models are more attractive because they require less time to complete the operation. Therefore, the manufacturer can produce more products in the same period compared to semi-automatic plants.

No less significant classification is the division of devices into membrane and non-membrane.

Membrane installations paste over the surfaces of wood blanks with veneer or special films. In this case, a blank with a pre-applied adhesive is placed in the membrane. The membrane heats up, the vacuum pump pumps out air, which creates a negative pressure. This allows the product made of wood, MDF to firmly contact the film. After waiting for some time, the mold is removed, the workpiece is ready for use;
Membraneless presses are relevant for those cases when blanks made of plastic, MDF, wood are pasted over with denser films, special coatings. Membrane counterparts perform well with a thinner coating.

With such units as the Master, ST 420, the choice does not become very difficult. But the market is not limited to Master or ST 420 presses alone. Before making a choice, it is worth understanding the varieties, features and nuances of buying this equipment.

In production, two main types of vacuum press are used.

Standard vacuum unit. This is a device that has gentle characteristics used in the manufacture of furniture elements from MDF, wood, plastic. The main feature of the machines is that the pressure they create is no more than 0.95 kg/cm2. They are used when applying PVC films or veneer to simple furniture blanks.
With extra pressure. This is more expensive equipment that can create pressures in excess of 8 kg/cm2. It is used to work with MDF, plastic products and elements of complex configuration.

membranes

The membrane is an important element of the machine used for the manufacture of wood blanks, furniture facades. The membrane has certain characteristics.

The main task is to exclude movement when creating facade elements or furniture components made of wood;
The membrane allows you to qualitatively apply a thin film on a piece of wood that does not like high temperatures;
The membrane is installed on special hooks, which are located on the clamping frame;
Furniture production and MDF facade assembly enterprises use two types of membranes - rubber and silicone. Rubber is used more often, while silicone is more wear-resistant;
The use of the membrane contributes to the facing of small parts;
These elements significantly reduce the consumption of the film required for application to wood parts, MDF facades, etc.

Press or bag

Before you buy yourself a ST 420 press or make a vacuum press with your own hands instead of ST 420, you should learn about such a thing as a press bag.

The press bag is designed for you to make your own vacuum press;
Its essence lies in the fact that the bag itself is a press machine;
A product made of wood, chipboard, MDF, prepared for gluing, is placed in the bag;
The bag is sealed from all sides, which allows to achieve sealing;
With the help of a pump, air is pumped out of the bag, which allows you to gradually create the necessary pressure, evenly distributed over the workpiece;
Next, the bag stands in a compressed state for some time, after which the workpiece is removed;
The main advantage is that the cost of the bag is ten times less than the price of the machine. A press measuring 1400 by 2500 mm will cost the buyer $ 1,000, while a bag can be purchased for 500-1000 rubles. You will not need any drawings to make an effective press out of a bag to create elements of facades, furniture, etc. We draw conclusions and make a decision.

But the bag is no match for the ST 420. The modern ST 420 is unique because it is a 3D press. Model ST 420 can be used for private business when applying images to T-shirts, mugs, to create covers for tablets, smartphones. At the same time, the ST 420 costs about 70 thousand rubles.

The bag is certainly not capable of what the ST 420 can produce. But the choice is yours.

When choosing a membrane press for the manufacture of facades from MDF, chipboard, furniture elements, pay attention to a few questions.

Pump. The membrane press can be equipped with our or foreign pump. Italian models are preferred. Although they are more expensive, they are more efficient, reliable and durable.
Table material. It is best if the desktop is made of metal. A number of models of machine tools are made of chipboard, but they quickly become unusable, the surface is damaged during the manufacture of products.
Machine dimensions. The main characteristic on which the ability to create parts of various dimensions depends.
Heater. There are heating elements and KGT lamps. Choose the second type, because they do not burn the film.

Don't forget the manufacturer. Little-known companies should not be trusted. But it doesn’t always make sense to overpay for a brand.