Requirements for portable power tools and lamps, hand-held electric machines, isolation transformers? Requirements for portable power tools used during repair work on the linear part of the main oil pipeline General t

Portable email tools, manual electric machines, lamps must meet the requirements of state standards and specifications in terms of electrical safety.

To work with portable power tools and electrical machines of class 1 in rooms with increased danger, personnel with group P must be allowed. Connecting auxiliary equipment (transformers, frequency converters, etc.) to the electrical network and disconnecting it from the network must be carried out by electrical personnel, having group Ш, operating this electrical network.

In rooms with increased danger and especially dangerous, portable electric lamps should have a voltage of no higher than 50V. When working in particularly unfavorable conditions (wells of switches, drums, boilers, etc.), portable lamps must have a voltage of no higher than 12V.

Before starting work with hand-held power tools and lamps, you should:

Determine the class of the machine or tool according to the passport;

Check the completeness and reliability of fastening parts;

Make sure that the cable, its protective tube and plug are in good condition, integrity

insulation of the body, handle and covers of brush holders;

Check the clarity of the switch;

Check idle operation.

It is not allowed to use a power tool that has defects in work.

When working with power tools, wires and cables should, if possible, be suspended.

Contact of cables and wires with hot, damp and oily surfaces is not allowed. If a malfunction is detected, work must be stopped. Power tools issued and used in work must be checked and tested within the time limits and to the extent established by GOST, the technical specifications for the product.

In the event of a power failure or interruption in operation, the power tool must be disconnected from the mains.

Workers using power tools are prohibited from:

Transfer power tools to other employees;

Make any repairs to the power tool;

Hold on to the wire. machine, touch rotating parts, remove chips, sawdust until the tool stops completely;

Install the working part in the tool chuck of the machine and remove it from the chuck, as well as adjust the tool without disconnecting it from the mains;

Work with ladders; for this, strong scaffolding and scaffolding must be installed;

Bring inside the drums of boilers, metal tanks, etc. portable transformers and frequency converters.

To maintain the good condition of the power tool, by order of the head of the organization, a responsible employee with a group Ш

Electrical appliances that are used in everyday life and at work, no matter what type of equipment they belong to, must clearly comply with the list of tasks for which they are intended. The basic requirements for a power tool are usually specified in the operating instructions that accompany this or that equipment. However, for all types of tools there are general requirements that require a detailed review for safe and quality work.

Power tools help to significantly speed up repair work, but they must be used correctly.

Types and types of power tools

Tools according to their characteristics are usually divided into professional and household. Professional power tools are distinguished by increased strength of the main components. This tool is designed for long, intensive use.

As a rule, professional power tools meet the requirements of work in conditions of prolonged overloads and increased wear. A professional power tool can be used around the clock, often in harsh environmental conditions, without much harm to the functional components of the device.

Household or non-professional power tools differ from professional models only in their technical characteristics. It is much less wear resistant. The power tool should be spared and used with short breaks in work, often letting it rest. The advantage in this case is the price of such equipment, choosing a tool from a well-known manufacturer, you can buy not only cheap, but also high-quality power tools that will last you a very long time.

General requirements

The general requirements that any power tool must meet are dictated primarily by the convenience of its operation.

The electrical circuit of the perforator.

Requirement 1: Any powerful power tool must have a soft start function. This makes working with such a tool safer, because the device does not twitch in the hand when the start button is pressed. Significantly reduces the load on the network due to the reduction of starting currents.

Requirement 2: if the operation of a power tool, due to its functional features, leads to a large release of dust or fine particles, the device must be equipped with a dust removal unit or equipped with a special nozzle to which a vacuum cleaner must be connected.

Requirement 3: the device is equipped with a reverse function - the shaft of the power tool must rotate in both directions. A big advantage will be the presence of a function of smooth adjustment of the number of revolutions.

Requirement 4: The device must be protected against inadmissible mechanical stress. The torque limit clutch will work if the drill or drill jams, and thereby protect the gearbox of the power tool from damage.

Power tool classification

Vibration dampening of the perforator.

Before you start working with a power tool, you should understand what type of tool you should use. You should also understand which class of power tool is more appropriate to use to perform a particular task.

Class requirements:

Class 1 - for tools of this class, all parts that are energized have double or extra reinforced insulation. The class 1 power tool plug is equipped with a grounding contact.
Class 2 - the nodes of the live tool are isolated. In special cases, some elements are double insulated.
Class 3 - for power tools of this class, the power rating cannot exceed 42 V. The internal or external circuits of such equipment cannot be under any other voltage. The power supply of this class of devices is provided by means of autonomous current sources. Mains power can also be used using a converter or a supply transformer with an open-circuit voltage of not more than 50 V. The secondary circuit of the transformer must not be grounded.

Important details and requirements

Table of characteristics of screwdrivers.

Manufacturers of electrical equipment indicate the degree of protection of power tools on the case. The double square speaks of two-level protection, where the first square is the designation of the insulation of all internal electrical components of the tool, the second is the protection of all conductive elements of the body that are accessible to touch.

It must be remembered that a mains-powered power tool must be connected to a power source with a fixed cable of sufficient length and flexibility for comfortable work.

In case of damage to the insulation of internal components under voltage, class 1 tools must be provided with grounding of parts accessible to touch. Class 2 and 3 electrical equipment is not normally earthed.

Power tools of classes 1 and 2 are designed for voltages not exceeding 220 V in the case of equipment designed to be powered by direct current, and 380 V for appliances powered by alternating current.

Features of safety requirements for power tools

Connection and rules for performing work with power tools.

Before starting work with a power tool of any class, it is necessary to check:

complete set and reliable fastening of all parts of the device;
good condition of the power cable and plug, insulating parts, casings, handles and body elements must be intact, without cracks or other physical damage;
the switch is in good condition, it should gently change position; if the switch sparks, sticks, changes its position only with strong pressure, the device should be replaced and immediately shown to a specialist for repair;
idle work.

Additional requirements

A flexible, non-removable power cable for class 1 power tools must be equipped with a grounding conductor, which is connected at one end to the grounding contact on the plug and the grounding clamp inside the instrument case. The same applies to equipment designed to be powered from a single-phase network. A 4-wire power cable is required to connect a 3-phase power tool.

The power tool must not be grounded with a neutral wire. In this case, manufacturers do not guarantee the correct operation of the equipment, as well as the safety of personnel working with it. The supply cables of electrical equipment of class 3 must be equipped with plugs that have a design different from plugs connected to a current network with a voltage of more than 42 V.

As for portable step-down transformers, isolation transformers, as well as converters, such devices must be equipped on the higher voltage side with a cable with a socket for connection to a 220 V or 380 V network. The supply cable should not be longer than 2 m, and its ends must be connected bolts or soldering with the output of the transformer winding. The low voltage side is equipped with sockets for the plug required for this class of power tool.

Occupational Safety and Health.

The wheel shop must have devices for heating and ventilation that provide metrological conditions in accordance with the requirements of the "Sanitary Design Standards for Enterprises".

Equipment where dust and gases are generated must be equipped with ventilation.

Lighting fixtures and lamps should be cleaned of dirt at least twice a month, and glass of light openings twice a year.

Lighting at workplaces should be both general and local. The use of one local lighting is not allowed.

The noise level should not be higher than:

Areas for inspection and acceptance of wheelsets – 750lx

Smoking is prohibited in the workshops.

The average daily temperature in the VKM should be +18°C - +20°C

Blocking and littering of aisles at workplaces is not allowed.

Cabinets, drawers and racks for tools and parts are installed so that the items stored in them are in a stable position and cannot fall.

Floors in workplaces and aisles must be level, smooth and non-slip, and kept clean.

Industrial waste, chips must be removed in a timely manner.

Tool requirements.

Machinist's hammers should have a slightly convex surface of the striker and be securely fastened to the handle by wedging. The handles are made from hard wood.

The length of the handles of metalwork hammers should be within 300-400mm.

Not allowed on the impact part of hardening.

Percussion instruments - chisels, crosscuts, barbs should not have cracks, burrs, hardening on the impact part. The smallest chisel length is 150mm. When working, be sure to use safety glasses, while working, position the chisel away from you, i.e. the direction of the flight of the metal upon impact should be in the opposite direction from itself.

Wrenches must match the dimensions of the nuts and bolt heads, the jaws of the keys are strictly parallel. Extension of keys with pipes is prohibited.

The hose must be blown out before connecting the pneumatic tool. It is forbidden to work on the grinder without goggles and guards. Before work, check its correctness. It is forbidden to use the grinder without spacers between the grinding wheel and faceplate.

All hand tools must be in good condition and free of oil. Before starting work, it is necessary to check the reliability of their nozzles and handles.

Only specially trained workers are allowed to work with electric and pneumatic tools.

Equipment requirements.

The location of the equipment must comply with the norms of technological design.

The borders of the aisles, the places of laying the load grippers and containers should be marked with white paint.

Equipment that is newly installed and left after repair must be carefully calibrated and securely fixed. The equipment must be accepted with the permission of the chief mechanic and safety engineer.

To prevent the possibility of electric shock to the housing of electric motors, induction heaters, flaw detectors, washing machines, metal casings must be reliably grounded. It is impossible to turn on the induction heater if its magnetic circuit is not closed with the heated ring. Furnaces for heating labyrinth and inner rings must be grounded in two places, as well as have devices that automatically disconnect the furnace from the mains when the door is opened.

Along with protective grounding, when working with flaw detectors and induction heaters, dielectric gloves, mats and tracks are used.

The start buttons of electrical devices must be protected and recessed into the housing by 3-5mm. The stop buttons must be red, have the inscription "stop" and protrude 3mm above the panel.

Power tool safety instructions

Safety instructions for the operation of power tools.

1. Responsible for labor protection during the operation of power tools!

Arrange special training for employees.

Conduct a safety briefing.

Familiarize workers with first aid in case of electric shock.

Appoint a person responsible for the safety and serviceability of the instrument.

2. Responsible for the safety and serviceability of the power tool.

Paint serial numbers on all tools and store them in a dry place.

Check the ground circuits with a special device.

Once a month, check the tool for a short to ground and the condition of the wire insulation.

After repair, check the serviceability on the wall.

Do not issue a tool that has defects for work.

Check the tightness of the screws securing the components and parts of the power tool.

Check the condition of the gearbox by turning the spindle by hand when the tool is not turned on.

Check the condition of the commutator brushes.

The power tool must turn on and off quickly, but not spontaneously.

Plug connections must have an additional ground contact.

In a hazardous area and outdoors, use a power tool with a voltage not exceeding 36V.

5. While working with power tools.

Hang the wires and cables of the portable tool.

Disconnect the tool from the mains when the power supply is interrupted.

Do not plug 36V plugs into 127V and 220V sockets.

Keep wires and cables away from hot and wet metal surfaces.

6. Persons working with power tools.

It is forbidden to work with ladders.

Do not hold the tool wire or touch the rotating cutting parts.

It is forbidden to remove shavings and sawdust with your hands until the tool stops completely.

It is forbidden to bring portable transformers and frequency converters inside metal tanks.

Do not disassemble or repair the power tool.

It is forbidden to transfer the power tool to unauthorized persons.

In case of malfunctions in electrical equipment, call ___ / electrical department /.

In case of fire, call: _____

Review of the Rules on labor protection when working with tools and devices, Commentary, clarification, article dated November 17, 2015

The rules for labor protection when working with tools and devices were approved by order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated August 17, 2015 N 552n. These Rules come into force on January 8, 2016. We bring to your attention an Overview, which discloses the main provisions of the Rules.

GENERAL PROVISIONS

First of all, it should be noted that the Rules define the state regulatory requirements for labor protection when working with devices, mechanisms and other means of labor used to influence the object of labor and change it, both moved by the employee in the course of work, and installed permanently.

Who is covered by the Rules?

The requirements of the Rules are mandatory for employers who are individual entrepreneurs, as well as employers - legal entities, regardless of their organizational and legal form, carrying out work using tools and devices.

Tool and fixtures

Types of tools and devices covered by the Rules

Abrasive and CBN

Combustion engine driven tool

The rules do not apply to work performed using:

Technical devices as part of technological and (or) transport equipment

Employer's obligations

The employer must provide

Monitoring compliance with the requirements of the Rules and instructions for labor protection

Development of labor protection instructions for professions and types of work performed.

Instructions must be approved by local regulations of the employer, taking into account the opinion of the relevant trade union body or other representative body authorized by employees

Providing employees with personal protective equipment in accordance with established standards in accordance with the requirements of the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated 01.06.2009 N 290n

In addition, employers have the right to establish additional safety requirements when working with tools and devices that improve the working conditions of employees.

Employee Responsibilities

Perform only the work that is assigned to him and for the performance of which the employee has been instructed in labor protection

Work only with the tools and devices for which the employee was trained in safe methods and techniques for performing work

Use only serviceable equipment, tools and devices, as well as personal and collective protective equipment

Immediately notify your immediate or superior manager of every accident that occurred at work, of all violations of the Rules noticed by him, malfunctions of equipment, tools, devices and means of individual and collective protection

Harmful and dangerous production factors

List of harmful and dangerous production factors that may affect workers

High or low air temperature in working areas

Increased air pollution in working areas

Insufficient illumination of work areas

Increased noise and vibration levels in workplaces

Physical and neuropsychic overload

Falling objects (equipment items)

Location of workplaces at a height (depth) relative to the floor (ground) surface

Performing work in hard-to-reach and confined spaces

Closing electrical circuits through the human body

Moving vehicles, lifting machines, moving materials, moving parts of various equipment

ORGANIZATION OF WORK (PRODUCTION PROCESSES)

Requirements for employees

Passing a mandatory preliminary medical examination in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated April 12, 2011 N 302n.

Passing training on labor protection in accordance with the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia and the Ministry of Education of Russia dated 13.01.2003 N 1/29

When working with electrified, pneumatic, hydraulic, manual pyrotechnic tools, tools driven by an internal combustion engine

In addition to the requirements mentioned above, it should be taken into account that only employees aged at least 18 years old can be allowed to work.

INDUSTRIAL PREMISES (SITES). ORGANIZATION OF JOBS

Industrial premises (sites)

Labor protection requirements for production premises (sites)

Trenches and underground utilities on the territory of the organization must be closed or fenced.

Warning inscriptions and signs should be installed on the fences, and signal lighting at night

Entrances and exits, passages and driveways both inside buildings (structures) and industrial premises (production sites), and outside on the territory adjacent to them must be equipped with lighting and freed for the safe movement of workers and the passage of vehicles

Passages, stairs, platforms and railings to them must be kept in good condition and clean, and those located in the open air must be cleaned of snow and ice in winter and sprinkled with sand

Steps, ramps, bridges must be carried out over the entire width of the passage.

Stairs must be equipped with railings at least 1 m high, steps must be smooth and non-slip

Passages and driveways inside the production premises must have clearly marked dimensions, marked on the floor with markings using paint, metal recessed checkers or other clearly distinguishable indicators.

Attention! The use of only local lighting is prohibited.

Organization of workplaces

Workplaces, depending on the type of work, should be equipped with workbenches, racks, tables, cabinets, bedside tables for convenient and safe work, storage of tools, fixtures and parts. Tools and fixtures in the workplace should be located in such a way as to exclude the possibility of their rolling and falling .

Attention! It is prohibited: - placement of tools and devices on the railings of fences, unenclosed edges of scaffolding and scaffolding sites, other platforms where work is performed at height, as well as open hatches, wells; - transportation of tools and devices without isolating their traumatic (sharp, cutting ) parts and details.

PRODUCTION PROCESSES. OPERATION OF TOOLS AND ACCESSORIES

General requirements

Maintenance, repair, inspection, testing and technical examination of tools and devices must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the technical documentation of the manufacturer.

Inspection, repair, inspection, testing and technical certification of tools and fixtures (with the exception of hand tools) must be carried out:

According to the general rules

Qualified workers appointed by the employer responsible for the maintenance of specific types of tools.

Specialized organizations on the basis of civil law contracts

Small enterprises and micro enterprises

Responsibility can be assigned to one employee

The results of inspections, repairs, checks, tests and technical examinations of the tool (with the exception of a hand tool), carried out at intervals established by the manufacturer, must be recorded by the employee responsible for keeping the tool in good condition in a log.

Information to be included in the journal

Tool part number

Date of the last repair, inspection, testing, technical examination of the tool (inspection, static and dynamic testing)

Date of the next repair, inspection, testing, technical examination of the tool

The results of the external inspection of the tool and the test of idling

Surname of the employee who carried out the inspection, repair, inspection, testing and technical examination of the tool, confirmed by the personal signature of the employee

Additional information to be included in the journal

For abrasive and CBN tools

1. Designation of the standard size of the circle, standard or specification for the manufacture of the circle.2. Characteristics of the circle and a mark on chemical treatment or mechanical alteration.3. Working speed and wheel speed during testing

4.6. labor protection requirements for hand tools and devices Order of the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation dated April 15, 2008 403 on the approval of labor protection rules in customs authorities and institutions under the jurisdiction of the Federal Customs Service of Russia (2018). Relevant in 2018

ORDER of the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation of 15-04-2008 403 ON THE APPROVAL OF THE RULES ON LABOR SAFETY IN THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITIES AND INSTITUTIONS UNDER SUPERVISION. Relevant in 2018

4.6.1. Hand tools should be inspected at least once every ten days, and immediately before use. It is not allowed to work with faulty and worn hand tools.

4.6.2. The heads of hammers and sledgehammers must have a smooth surface, without chips and potholes, cracks and burrs.

4.6.3. The handles of hammers, sledgehammers and other percussion tools should be made of dry hardwood or synthetic materials that ensure the strength and reliability of the nozzle when performing work.

4.6.4. It is not allowed to use files, scrapers, screwdrivers without handles and retaining rings on them or with loose handles.

4.6.5. Work with a chisel, cross cutter and other similar tool must be done with glasses.

4.6.6. The handles of pliers and hand scissors should be smooth, without dents, nicks or burrs. On the inside there should be an emphasis that prevents squeezing the fingers.

4.6.7. The vise must be firmly attached to the workbench in such a way that their jaws are at the level of the worker's elbow. If necessary, wooden ladders should be installed along the entire length of the working area. The distance between the axes of the vise must be at least 1 m.

The jaws of the vise must be parallel, notched and provide a secure clamping of the workpieces.

4.6.9. Hand power tools and portable lamps must be connected to a voltage of not more than 50 volts. If it is impossible to connect the tool to a voltage of up to 50 volts, it is allowed to use a power tool with a voltage of up to 220 volts inclusive, if there are protective shutdown devices or external grounding of the power tool case with the obligatory use of protective equipment (mats, dielectric gloves, etc.).

An electrified tool, switched on for voltages above 50 volts, must be issued complete with personal protective equipment. Connection to the electrical network must be made using plug-in connections with a grounding contact.

4.6.10. The working bodies of hand tools (circular saws, electric slotters, electric grinders, etc.) must have protective covers.

4.6.11. In the event of a power outage or a break in operation, the power tool must be disconnected from the mains.

4.6.12. Hand-held pneumatic tools must be equipped with vibration-damping devices, be equipped with air exhaust silencers, in addition, compressed air exhausts must not fall on the worker and pollute his breathing zone.

4.6.13. Care and handling of hand tools must comply with the instructions and operating rules developed by the manufacturer for each type of hand tool.

Added to site:

1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LABOR PROTECTION

1.1. This Instruction establishes labor protection requirements when working with portable power tools and hand-held electric machines.

1.2. Work with power tools is allowed for workers who have passed a medical examination, industrial training and certified by the qualification commission, have an electrical safety group of at least II, have passed introductory when hiring and primary instruction at the workplace, as well as repeated and, if necessary, unscheduled and targeted briefings on labor protection, as well as testing the acquired knowledge and skills.

1.3. Connecting auxiliary equipment (transformers, frequency converters, protective shutdown devices, etc.) to the electrical network and disconnecting it from the network is carried out by electrical personnel with an electrical safety group of at least III.

1.4. Employees admitted to work must comply with the internal regulations established by the organization.

1.5. When working with power tools, you should observe the regime of work and rest. Rest and smoke is allowed in specially equipped places.

1.6. Employees need to perform only the work that is assigned by the work manager, not allow unauthorized persons to the workplace and not delegate their work to other employees.

1.7. The employee may be exposed to dangerous and harmful production factors:

noise and vibration from working mechanisms;

electricity;

unfavorable parameters of the industrial microclimate;

moving mechanisms;

gassiness and dustiness.

1.8. Overalls, footwear and other personal protective equipment are issued to employees in accordance with applicable standards in accordance with the work performed.

1.9. An employee performing work with a power tool must comply with fire safety rules, know the fire warning signals, the location of fire extinguishing equipment and be able to use them. It is not allowed to use fire-fighting equipment for household purposes, blocking passages and access to fire-fighting equipment.

1.10. If any questions arise during the work related to its safe performance, you should contact the employee responsible for the safe performance of work at this production site.

1.11. In the event of an accident, the victim should stop work, notify the work manager and seek medical attention.

1.12. In the event of an accident with any worker, the victim should be given first aid and sent to a medical facility.

1.13. Workers performing work with power tools need to know and follow the rules of personal hygiene.

1.14. Employees who do not comply with the requirements of this Instruction are liable in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. HEALTH REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK

2.1. Before starting work, you should find out from the replaced employee about all the malfunctions and malfunctions that occurred during work, and the measures taken to eliminate them.

Tidy up the workplace, remove objects that may interfere with safe work, clear the aisles.

Put on the appropriate overalls and safety shoes, prepare serviceable and tested personal protective equipment (dielectric gloves, galoshes).

Do not allow freely hanging parts of clothing and tuck them in, fasten the cuffs of the sleeves, being careful not to catch them with the rotating parts of the power tool.

Pick up hair under a tight-fitting headdress.

2.2. Determine the class of the power tool according to the passport.

Check external inspection:

that the cable (cord), its protective tube and plug are in good condition;

intact insulating parts of the body, handle and covers of brush holders;

in the presence of protective covers and their serviceability;

in good condition of local lighting;

in the absence of bare ends of the wiring;

in the presence of fences of other means of collective protection in their places;

availability and reliability of grounding connections.

Verify:

completeness and reliability of fastening parts;

the clarity of the power tool switch;

power tool idling.

For class I power tools, additionally check the grounding circuit (between the machine body and the grounding contact of the plug).

Test the residual current device.

Make sure the workplace is well lit. When using a portable electric lamp, check the presence of a protective grid on the lamp, the serviceability of the cord and the insulating rubber tube.

2.3. The working tool, fixtures and auxiliary materials should be arranged in a convenient order for use and checked for their serviceability.

2.4. Report all noticed shortcomings in the workplace to the work manager and do not start work until receiving his instructions.

3. HEALTH REQUIREMENTS DURING WORK

3.1. When working with power tools, direct contact of wires and cables with hot, wet and oily metal surfaces or objects is not allowed.

3.1.1. It is not allowed to pull, twist and bend the cable, install a load on it, as well as its intersection with cables, cables and gas welding hoses.

3.1.2. Suspension devices for power tools should be used if their weight, perceived by the operator's hands, exceeds 10 kg.

3.2. It is necessary to carefully handle the power tool, do not expose it to shocks, overloads, dirt, oil products.

3.3. When working with power tools, it is not allowed:

transfer the power tool to other persons;

disassemble the power tool, repair it yourself (both the power tool itself and wires, plug connections, etc.);

hold on to the power tool wire, touch rotating parts or remove chips and sawdust until the power tool comes to a complete stop;

work from ladders (when performing work at height, strong scaffolding or scaffolding should be arranged);

bring inside the drums of boilers, metal tanks, etc. portable transformers and frequency converters;

leave the power tool unattended and connected to the mains.

When using an isolating transformer, only one power tool is allowed to be powered.

3.4. In the event of a sudden stop of the power tool (power failure in the network, jamming of moving parts, etc.), it is necessary to turn it off with a switch.

It is necessary to disconnect the power tool from the mains with a plug:

when changing the working tool, its adjustment and installation of nozzles;

when transferring power tools from one workplace to another;

during a break in work;

at the end of a job or shift.

It is not allowed to clutter up the workplace, aisles and driveways.

3.6. If a malfunction of the power tool is detected during operation or the employee feels at least a weak effect of the current, work should be stopped, and the faulty tool should be handed over for inspection and repair.

3.7. Drilling holes and punching grooves in walls, panels and ceilings in which hidden electrical wiring may be located, as well as performing other work that may damage the insulation of electrical wires and installations, should be done after disconnecting these wires and installations from power sources. In this case, it is necessary to take measures to prevent the sudden appearance of voltage on them.

Use tools with insulated handles.

Drilling and punching furrows in places where hidden electrical wiring should be carried out by electrical personnel or under their supervision and with the issuance of a work permit, in which it is necessary to indicate the location of hidden electrical wiring and pipelines, as well as safety measures during work.

3.8. Drilling work, during which hidden pipelines may be damaged, must be carried out after they have been blocked.

3.9. When working with a drilling machine, workpieces must be firmly fixed in a vise.

It is not allowed to work with drilling and other rotating power tools in gloves.

In the process of working on a drilling power tool, you should install the drill in the place previously marked with a core, then turn on the power tool and feed the drill by pressing the handle. Press evenly until the end of drilling.

If the drill is stuck in a hole, stop the power tool, remove the drill, clean the hole, and then continue to work.

When drilling through holes at the end of the work, the pressure on the tool should be reduced.

3.10. When working with a grinding tool, the wheel should be evenly moved along the processed surface of the material in the lateral direction.

3.11. Do not turn on the equipment if a prohibition safety sign with an explanatory inscription "Do not turn on - people are working!" is installed on the control panel. It can only be removed by the employee who installed it.

4. REQUIREMENTS FOR LABOR PROTECTION IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

4.1. You should stop working if at least one of the following malfunctions occurs:

damage to the plug connection, cable (cord) or its protective tube;

damage to the brush holder cover;

fuzzy operation of the switch;

sparking brushes on the collector, accompanied by the appearance of a circular fire on its surface;

leakage of lubricant from the gearbox or ventilation ducts;

the appearance of smoke or smell characteristic of burning insulation;

the appearance of increased noise, knocking, vibration;

breakage or cracks in the body part, handle, protective fence;

damage to the working tool.

4.2. Suspend outdoor power tool work when it starts raining or snowing.

4.3. In case of accidents, it is necessary to take measures to remove the victim from the danger zone, provide him with first aid, and send him to a medical institution.

4.4. In the event of an injury, stop work, notify the supervisor and seek medical attention.

4.5. In the event of a fire, you should:

stop working and disconnect the power tool;

move power tools and other equipment to a safe distance from the place of fire;

report the fire to the work manager and call the fire brigade;

start extinguishing the fire with the available fire extinguishing equipment.

4.6. In case of electric shock, release the victim from the action of electric current and lay down.

If he is breathing on his own:

unfasten his clothes;

create an influx of fresh air, for which open windows and doors or take the victim out of the room;

monitor pulse and respiration.

If the victim does not have a heartbeat and breathing, artificial respiration and heart massage should be started.

In all cases, you should urgently call a doctor and inform the supervisor.

5. REQUIREMENTS FOR HEALTH AND SAFETY AFTER THE END OF WORK

5.1. At the end of work, turn off the power tool and the electrified equipment used, local lighting and ventilation.

5.2. Tidy up the workplace and put materials, power tools and working tools in the place designated for their storage.

5.3. Clean overalls and other personal protective equipment and put them in specially designated places.

5.4. Wash hands and face with warm soapy water or take a shower.

5.5. Inform the shift worker of all malfunctions and malfunctions that occurred during work, and the measures taken to eliminate them.

5.6. Report any shortcomings in the work to the manager.

Portable email tools, manual electric machines, lamps must meet the requirements of state standards and specifications in terms of electrical safety.

Before starting work with hand-held power tools and lamps, you should:

Determine the class of the machine or tool according to the passport;

Check the completeness and reliability of fastening parts;

Make sure that the cable, its protective tube and plug are in good condition, integrity

insulation of the body, handle and covers of brush holders;

Check the clarity of the switch;

Check idle operation.

It is not allowed to use a power tool that has defects in work.

When working with power tools, wires and cables should, if possible, be suspended.

In the event of a power failure or interruption in operation, the power tool must be disconnected from the mains.

Workers using power tools are prohibited from:

Transfer power tools to other employees;

Make any repairs to the power tool;

Hold on to the wire. machine, touch rotating parts, remove chips, sawdust until the tool stops completely;

Install the working part in the tool chuck of the machine and remove it from the chuck, as well as adjust the tool without disconnecting it from the mains;

Work with ladders; for this, strong scaffolding and scaffolding must be installed;

Bring inside the drums of boilers, metal tanks, etc. portable transformers and frequency converters.

To maintain the good condition of the power tool, by order of the head of the organization, a responsible employee with a group Ш

XLIV. Labor protection when working with portable power tools and lamps, manual electric machines, isolation transformers

44.1. Portable power tools and lamps, hand-held electrical machines, isolation transformers and other auxiliary equipment must meet the requirements of technical regulations, national (interstate) standards and technical specifications in terms of electrical safety and be used in compliance with the Rules.

44.2. To work with portable power tools and hand-held electric machines of classes 0 and I in rooms with increased danger, workers with group II must be allowed.

Connecting auxiliary equipment (transformers, frequency converters, residual current devices) to the electrical network and disconnecting it from the network must be carried out by electrical personnel with group III operating this electrical network.

44.3. The class of portable power tools and hand-held electric machines must correspond to the category of the room and the conditions for the production of work, using in some cases electrical protective equipment in accordance with the requirements given in table N 7.

Table No. 7

Place of work	Class of power tools and hand-held electric machines according to the type of protection against electric shock	Conditions for the use of electrical protective equipment

Premises without increased danger
		With the TN-S system - when connected through a residual current device or using at least one electrical protective equipment. With the TN-C system - using at least one electrical protective equipment
		Without the use of electrical protective equipment
		Without the use of electrical protective equipment
Premises with increased danger		With the TN-S system - using at least one electrical protective device and when connected through a residual current device or when connected through a residual current device, or when only one electrical receiver (machine, tool) is powered from a separate source (isolation transformer, generator, converter) . With the TN-C system - using at least one electrical protective equipment and when only one electrical receiver is powered from a separate source
		With the TN-S system - without the use of electrical protective equipment when connected through a residual current device or when only one electrical receiver (machine, tool) is powered from a separate source (isolation transformer, generator, converter). With the TN-C system - using at least one electrical protective equipment
		Without the use of electrical protective equipment
		Without the use of electrical protective equipment
Particularly dangerous premises		Not allowed to apply
		Protected by a residual current device or using at least one electrical protective equipment
		Without the use of electrical protective equipment
		Without the use of electrical protective equipment
In the presence of particularly unfavorable conditions (in vessels, apparatuses and other metal containers with limited movement and exit)		Not allowed to apply
		Not allowed to apply
		With the use of at least one electrical protective equipment Without the use of electrical protective equipment when connected through a residual current device or when only one electrical receiver is powered from a separate source
		Without the use of electrical protective equipment

44.4. In rooms with increased danger and especially dangerous, portable electric lamps must have a voltage of not more than 50 V.

When working in particularly unfavorable conditions (switch wells, switchgear compartments, boiler drums, metal tanks), portable lamps must have a voltage of no higher than 12 V.

44.5. Before starting work with hand-held electric machines, portable power tools and lamps, you should:

determine the class of the machine or tool according to the passport;

check the completeness and reliability of fastening parts;

make sure by external inspection that the cable (cord), its protective tube and plug are in good condition, the integrity of the insulating parts of the body, the handle and covers of the brush holders, protective covers;

check the clarity of the switch;

perform (if necessary) testing of the residual current device (RCD);

check the operation of the power tool or machine at idle;

check the serviceability of the ground circuit of the class I machine (machine body - grounding contact of the plug).

It is not allowed to use hand-held electric machines, portable power tools and lamps with related auxiliary equipment that have defects and have not passed periodic checks (tests).

44.6. When using power tools, hand-held electric machines, portable lamps, their wires and cables should, if possible, be suspended.

Direct contact of wires and cables with hot, wet and oily surfaces or objects is not allowed.

The power tool cable must be protected from accidental mechanical damage and contact with hot, damp and oily surfaces.

It is not allowed to pull, twist and bend the cable, put a load on it, and also allow it to cross with cables, cables, gas welding hoses.

If any malfunctions are found, work with hand-held electric machines, portable power tools and lamps should be stopped immediately.

44.7. Hand-held electric machines, portable power tools and lamps, auxiliary equipment issued and used in work must be accounted for in the organization (separate subdivision), be checked and tested within the time limits and to the extent established by technical regulations, national and interstate standards, technical specifications for products in force the volume and standards for testing electrical equipment and apparatus for electrical installations.

To maintain good condition, conduct periodic tests and checks of hand-held electric machines, portable power tools and lamps, auxiliary equipment, a responsible employee with group III must be appointed by order of the head of the organization.

44.8. In the event of a power failure or a break in work, power tools and hand-held electric machines must be disconnected from the electrical network.

44.9. Employees using power tools and hand-held electric machines are prohibited from:

transfer hand-held electric machines and power tools, even for a short time, to other employees;

disassemble hand-held electric machines and power tools, make any repairs;

hold on to the wire of an electric machine, power tool, touch rotating parts or remove chips, sawdust until the tool or machine comes to a complete stop;

install the working part in the chuck of the tool, machine and remove it from the chuck, as well as adjust the tool without disconnecting it from the mains;

work from ladders;

bring portable transformers and frequency converters inside the drums of boilers, metal tanks.

44.10. When using an isolating transformer, the following requirements must be observed:

only one electrical receiver is allowed to be fed from an isolation transformer;

grounding of the secondary winding of the isolating transformer is not allowed;

the transformer case, depending on the neutral mode of the supply network, must be grounded or zeroed. In this case, grounding of the housing of the power receiver connected to the isolating transformer is not required.

1. General safety requirements.

Portable power tools and lamps, hand-held electrical machines, isolation transformers must meet the requirements of state standards and specifications.

Persons who have been trained and tested knowledge of labor protection instructions are allowed to work with power tools.

Power tools are available in the following classes:

Class I - a power tool in which all live parts are insulated and the plug has a grounding contact.

Class II - a power tool in which all live parts have double and reinforced insulation. This tool does not have a grounding device.

Class III - a power tool with a rated voltage not exceeding 42V, in which neither internal nor external circuits are under a different voltage.

Group II personnel must be allowed to work with portable power tools and hand-held electric machines of class I in rooms with increased danger.

The class of portable power tools and hand-held electric machines must correspond to the category of the premises and the conditions for the production of work with the use of electrical protective equipment in some cases in accordance with the following -

In rooms without increased danger, rooms with increased danger:

Class I - with the use of personal protective equipment (dielectric gloves, carpets).

In especially dangerous rooms:

II and III class - without the use of electrical protective equipment.

Outdoor (Outdoor) :

I class - not allowed to apply.

II and III class - without the use of electrical protective equipment.

In the presence of particularly unfavorable conditions:

I class - not allowed to apply.

Class II - with the use of personal protective equipment (dielectric gloves, carpets).

Class III - without the use of electrical protective equipment.

The voltage of hand-held portable electric lamps used in rooms with increased danger and especially dangerous should not exceed 50V.

When working in particularly unfavorable conditions, portable lamps must have a voltage of no higher than 12 V.

The enterprise must keep records of hand-held power tools, hand-held portable electric lamps. Inventory numbers must be indicated on the cases of power tools and auxiliary equipment.

Power tools and accessories to it must be subjected to periodic inspection at least once a month. The results of inspections and tests of the power tool and auxiliary equipment to it must be recorded in the "Journal of Accounting, Inspection and Testing of the Power Tool and Auxiliary Equipment to it". Power tools and electric lamps must be stored in a dry place. Control over their safety and serviceability is carried out by a person specially authorized for this by order of the administration of the enterprise.

Persons guilty of violating this instruction are involved in accordance with the internal labor regulations.

2. Safety requirements before starting work.

Power tools powered by the mains must be equipped with a non-removable flexible cable (cord) with a plug. A non-detachable flexible Class I power tool cable must have a core connecting the power tool's earth clamp to the earth plug of the plug.

Portable hand-held electric lamps must have a protective net, a hook for hanging and a hose wire with a plug; the mesh must be fastened to the handle with screws. The cartridge must be built into the luminaire body so that the current-carrying parts of the cartridge near the lamp base are inaccessible to touch.

The cable at the point of entry into the power tool must be protected from abrasion and kinks by an elastic tube made of insulating material. The tube must be fixed in the body parts of the power tool and protrude from them for a length of at least five cable diameters. Attaching the tube to the cable outside the instrument is prohibited.

12V and 42V sockets must be different voltage from 220V sockets. 12V and 42V plugs must not fit into 220V sockets.

Before starting work, you should:

Determine the class of the tool according to the passport,

Check the completeness and reliability of fastening,

Check the serviceability of the cable and the plug, the integrity of the insulating parts of the body, the handle and the covers of the brush holders, the presence of protective covers and their serviceability;

Check the clarity of the switch; idling;

Perform (if necessary) testing of the residual current device (RCD),

For class I power tools, in addition, the earth circuit between its body and the earthing contact of the plug must be checked;

It is forbidden to connect a power tool with a voltage up to 42 V to the public electrical network through an autotransformer or a potentiometer.

Connecting auxiliary equipment (tr-ra, protective shutdown device, power tools) to the network is allowed for electrical personnel with an electrical safety group of at least III.

It is not allowed to use hand-held electric machines, portable power tools and lamps with related auxiliary equipment that have defects.

3. Safety requirements during work.

During operation, the electric drill should be installed on the material being processed, rest the drill on the marked point and then turn on the drill. When working with long drills, turn off the drill until the hole is completely drilled.

Do not remove shavings or sawdust by hand while the tool is in operation. Chips should be removed after the power tool has come to a complete stop with special hooks or brushes.

Wires leading to hand-held power tools or lamps should, if possible, be suspended. In addition, direct contact of the wires with metal objects, hot, wet, oil-covered surfaces should be excluded.

Not allowed during work:

Transfer hand-held electrical machines and tools, even if only for a short time, to other workers,

Disassemble hand-held electric machines and power tools, make any repairs,

Hold a hand-held power tool by the wire or touch the rotating parts of the cutting tool or remove chips, sawdust until the tool or machine comes to a complete stop;

Change the cutting tool until it stops completely;

Install the working part in the chuck of the tool, machine and remove it from the chuck, as well as adjust the tool without disconnecting it from the mains plug;

Bring a portable transformer or frequency converter inside metal tanks or containers;

Work from ladders; to perform work at height, strong scaffolding or scaffolding must be arranged;

Work with an electric drill in gloves.

The connection of transformers with a secondary voltage of 12-42V to the network must be carried out using a hose cable with a plug. The cable length must be no more than 2m. Its ends must be tightly attached to the transformer clamps. On the 12-42V side of the transformer, a socket must be mounted directly on the casing. In places where it is possible to safely connect portable current receivers to the network, appropriate inscriptions should be made.

During work, it is necessary to remember that the clothes fit the body, the sleeves tightly cover the hands, the skirts of the jacket must be fastened, the hair is carefully tucked under the headdress.

When drilling with an electric drill using a pressure lever, make sure that the end of the lever does not rest on a surface from which it can slip.

It is forbidden to handle icy and wet parts with power tools.

Leave unattended power tools connected to the mains.

If during operation a lamp, cord or transformer is found to be defective, they must be replaced. If a short circuit to the body of the power tool or other malfunction is detected, work with it must be stopped.

When using an isolating transformer, the following must be observed:

only one electrical receiver is allowed to be fed from an isolation transformer,

grounding of the secondary winding of the isolating transformer is not allowed,

3.11.3. The transformer housing, depending on the neutral mode of the supply network, must be grounded or zeroed. In this case, grounding of the housing of the power receiver connected to the isolating transformer is not required.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations.

4.11. If a malfunction of the power tool is detected during operation: damage to the plug connection of the cable; damage to the brush holder cover; fuzzy operation of the switch; sparking of the collector brushes, accompanied by the appearance of an all-round fire on its surface, the appearance of smoke or a smell characteristic of burning insulation, the appearance of increased noise, knocking, vibration, breakage or cracks in the body part, handle; damage to the working part of the tool, you must immediately stop working and disconnect the power tool from the mains.

4.12. In case of an accident, seek medical help, at the same time inform the administration about the accident with you or a workmate, if he is not able to do this himself, in order to timely draw up an act on the accident and take measures to prevent the recurrence of such cases.

5. Safety requirements at the end of work.

5.11. Tidy up the workplace.

5.12. Return power tools and portable lamps to their permanent storage location.

5.13. Remove protective clothing, wash face and hands with warm water.

Chief Engineer _______________/ /

AGREED:

Labor protection engineer _______________/ /